1. Listen to the different plans for peace in Palestine. Which one do you think is best? Tell me the plan and explain why you like it. 1 What will we learn today? 10.9.6 Nationalism in the Middle East; the Holocaust’s affect on world opinion for a Jewish state. Unit: Modern World History

2. Bring your laptop next class! 2 What will we learn today? 10.9.6 Nationalism in the Middle East; the Holocaust’s affect on world opinion for a Jewish state.

3. Assignment: Iraq and the Persian Gulf War

5. A Brief History of Iran  Iran was a major oil supplier and in danger of becoming communist in the 1950s.  In 1953, the United States CIA helped stage a coup in Iran replacing their leader with a pro-American, the Shah.  Although he helped westernize the country, Iranians hated him and (as a result) hated the United States.

8. A Brief History of Iran  In 1979, Iran overthrew the Shah and replaced him with the anti-American Ayatollah Khomeini.  Since our coup in 1953, Iran has great dislike for the US.  This continues today with their current leader,

9. A Brief History of Iran  Since the US coup in 1953, Iran has great dislike for the US.  This continues today with their current leader, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.

13. Iraq The Presidents – George Bush

15. Iraq

16. US Supports Iraq  Iraq fought an eight year war with Iran in the 1980’s  During the war, the US supported Saddam Hussein due to our new problems with Iran.

17. Before the War  Iraq’s War with Iran had really hurt the country economically.  Saddam Hussein hoped to financially recover through oil sales.

18. Persian Gulf War America’s First Mission In Iraq

19. The Spark  Saddam Hussein called on Kuwait to cut back on oil production to raise petroleum prices  When they refused, he responded by invading Kuwait, attempting to take their oil.

21. The Implications  If successful, Saddam Hussein would dominate the world’s petroleum market  This control over oil prices could command the world’s economies

22. The Implications  In addition to economic concerns, President George H.W. Bush stressed the moral opposition to appeasing to an aggressor after The Cold War

23. International Response  The United States a coalition of 34 nations to confront the Iraqis  Coalition forces began building up in Saudi Arabia to prevent an Iraqi move into the Arabian Peninsula

24. The Air Battle  Air raids began on January 17, 1991  Over 100,000 attack flights launched from Saudi Arabia and six aircraft carriers in the Persian Gulf  Air strikes dismantled major military, government, and infrastructure targets

25. The Ground Battle  On February 24th, Coalition ground forces began their advance  Within 100 hours of entering, a cease- fire had been declared on February 27th

29. Persian Gulf War (aka Desert Storm)  No TV cameras for this war.  Great success for USA; Finally! A popular war the American people could get behind

30. The Aftermath  The Coalition stopped short of continuing to Baghdad and ousting Hussein’s government.  The human and long range cost of taking out Saddam was considered too great to American leaders at the time.

31. The Aftermath  The treaty created flight restrictions to protect minority populations from the Iraqi military  American and British Air Forces patrolled northern and southern Iraq known for Kurdish & Shia Muslim settlements

32. Other Attacks  Iraq refused to cooperate after the war, requiring other interventions in the ‘90s  In 1998, the United States and Britain bombed Baghdad for four days when Iraq would not cooperate with UN inspections.  The attacks aimed to to degrade Iraq’s ability to create weapons

33. Summary  The United States has a prior history with Iraq which has a direct link to our current war  In previous military operations, our military has stopped short of conquering the country in fear of the aftermath  Iraq never fully recovered from the war, but continued to resist cooperation with the United Nations

34. Assignment Desert Storm Handout