1. Alexander and the Hellenistic Age 1/31/05

2. Introduction  Demosthenes tried to warn the public about King Philip II (King of Macedonia) was bringing Greece under his power  No one paid attention until it was too late

3. Objectives  The results of Alexander’s conquests  Identify why Alexandria was the center of the Hellenistic world  Identify why individuals contributed to Hellenistic civilization

4. Macedonian Ambitions  Greeks saw them as backward  Rulers were of Greek origin  Philip became King in 359 BC  Dreamed of conquering lands to the south  Hired Aristotle to tutor his son, Alexander  Using threats, bribery, and diplomacy he formed alliances with Greek city-states.

5.  Battle of Chaeronea- Athena and Thebes join against Philip but they were crushed  Philip wanted to unite and take over Persia  Killed at his daughter’s wedding feast

6. A Mighty Warrior  Philip’s wife was able to get her son (Alex) on the throne before any of his other kids  Alexander-20 years old  Experienced solder  Also wanted to invade Persia  Darius III was weak, rebellion was already a factor in Persia

7.  Alexander invaded 334 BC  First victory-Granicus River  Then moved south to Egypt  331 BC took Babylon and the Persian capitals  Before Alexander could find Darius III, a satrap killed him and left him in the street  Proper burial

8.  Never lost a battle  His soldiers were getting too tired and decided to quit at the Indus River  Alexander decided they should go back  He died suddenly of a fever  “To the strongest”

9.  No one was strong enough  The land was divided among 3 generals:  Macedonia and Greece  Egypt  Most of Persia

10. The Legacy of Alexander  Spread of Greek culture  Founded many new cities; with Greek temples  Local people assimilated (absorbed)  Alexander married a Persian woman  Dressed in Persian attire  New culture called the Hellenistic civilization

11.  Center of civilization was Alexandria, Egypt  Became home to a million people including: Greeks, Egyptians, Persians, Hebrews  Alexander also supported and encouraged learning  Women were no longer restricted to their houses

12. Hellenistic Civilization  Employed armies of architects and artists  Temples and other building were built  Stoicism, most influential school of philosophy was founded  Believed all people were morally equal  Pythagoras derived his famous formula

13.  Archimedes developed the lever and the pulley  Hippocrates studied diseases  Hippocratic oath set standards for the future