1. Chapter 3 – Pharaohs and the Afterlife: The Art of Ancient Egypt
AP Art History
Chapter 3 –
Pharaohs and the Afterlife:
The Art of Ancient Egypt

2. Chronology: 3500 – 30 BCE 1640-1550 BCE. - Second Intermediate
2920 BCE. – Predynastic:
Union of Upper and Lower Egypt,
ca BCE.
BCE. – Early Dynastic:
Dynasties I-III
Imhotep, first recorded name of an
artist, ca BCE.
BCE. – Old Kingdom:
Dynasties IV-VIII
Sneferu, 1st Pharaoh of the Old
Kingdom: r BCE.
Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure:
builders of the Great Pyramids,
ca BCE.
BCE. – First Intermediate
Period
BCE – Middle Kingdom:
Dynasties XI-XIV
Reunification of Egypt under
Mentuhotep II, 2040 BCE.
BCE. - Second Intermediate
Period
BCE. – New Kingdom:
Dynasties XVII – XX
Ahmose I defeats the Hykos, 1550 BCE.
Hatshepsut: r BCE.
Akhenaton and the Amarna Period,
BCE.
Ramses II: r BCE.
BCE. – Third Intermediate
BCE. –Late Period:
Dynasties XXV-XXXI
Persia conquers Egypt
BCE – Greek:
Ptolemaic
Alexander the Great Conquers Persia
and Egypt, 332 BCE.
Ptolemy I: r BCE.
30 BCE. – Roman
Egypt becomes a Roman province

3. Ancient Egypt

4. from Tomb 100 at Hierakonpolis, Egypt
People, boats and animals: details of a watercolor copy of a wall painting
from Tomb 100 at Hierakonpolis, Egypt
Predynastic – ca BCE.

5. Palette of King Narmer (left, back, right, front),
from Hierakonpolis, Egypt
Predynastic: ca BCE.

6. Typical Egyptian mastaba
Serdab (chamber for statue of deceased)
Typical Egyptian mastaba
tomb
Chapel
Shaft into burial chamber
Burial chamber
False Door
Section (left) Plan (center) Restored view (right)

7. Stepped Pyramid and mortuary precinct of Djoser, Saqqara, Egypt
Dynasty III – ca BCE.

8. Columnar entrance corridor to
mortuary precinct of
Djoser, Saqqara, Egypt
Dynasty III – ca BCE.
Alternative view

9. Façade of the North Palace of the mortuary
precinct of Djoser, Saqqara. Egypt
Dynasty III – ca BCE.

10. Great Pyramids, Gizeh, Egypt Dynasty IV
From left: Pyramids of Menkaure (ca BCE.), Khafre (ca BCE.),
and Khufu (ca BCE.)

11. Alternative view

12. Section of the Pyramid of Khufu, Gizeh, Egypt

13. Model of the pyramid complex at Gizeh
Pyramid of
Khafre
Pyramid of Menkaure
Pyramid of Khufu
Mortuary temple of
Khafre
Causeway
Pyramids of the
royal family and
mastabas of nobles
Great Sphinx
Valley temple of
Khafre
Model of the pyramid complex at Gizeh

14. Great Sphinx (with Pyramid of Khafre in left background)
Giza, Egypt
Dynasty IV – ca BCE.

15. Alternative view

16. Khafre, from Gizah, Egypt
Dynasty IV – ca BCE.

17. Menkaure and Khamerernebty (?)
Gizeh, Egypt
Dynasty IV – ca BCE.

18. Seated scribe (Kay?), from his mastaba
Saqquara, Egypt
Dynasty V – ca BCE.
Alternative view

19. Ti watching hippopotamus hunt
mastaba of Ti
Saqquara, Egypt
Dynasty V – ca BCE.

20. Interior hall of the rock-cut tomb of Amenemhet
Beni Hasan, Egypt
Dynasty XII – ca BCE.

21. Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut
Deir el-Bahri, Egypt
Dynasty XVIII – ca BCE.

22. Hapshepsut with offering jars
Deir el-Bahri, Egypt
Dynasty XVIII – BCE.

23. Temple of Ramses II
Abu, Simbel, Egypt
Dynasty XIX – ca BCE.

24. Alternative view

25. Interior views of the temple of Ramses II

26. Views of hypostyle hall
Temple of Amen-Re
Karnak, Egypt
Dynasty XIX – ca BCE.

27. Temple of Horus
Edfu, Egypt
ca BCE.

28. Senmut with Princess Nefrua
Thebes, Egypt
Dynasty XVIII – ca BCE.

29. Fowling scene from the tomb of Nebamun
Thebes, Egypt
Dynasty XVIII – ca BCE.

30. Musicians and dancers, detail of a fresco from the tomb of Nebamun
Thebes, Egypt
Dynasty XVIII – ca BCE.

31. Views of Akhenaton,
from the temple of Aton,
Karnak, Egypt
Dynasty XVIII – ca BCE.

32. Thutmose: Nefertiti,
From Tel-Amarna, Egypt
Dynasty XVIII – ca BCE.

33. Tiye
Gorub, Egypt
Dynasty XVIII – ca

34. Akhenaton, Nefertiti and three daughters From Tell el-Amarna, Egypt
Dynasty XVIII – ca BCE.

35. Innermost coffin of Tutankhamen from his tomb at Thebes, Egypt
Dynasty XVIII – ca BCE.

36. Death mask of Tutankhamen from his innermost coffin

37. Painted chest from the Tomb of Tutankhamen,
Dynasty XVIII – ca BCE.

38. Detail of painted chest

39. Last judgment of Hu-Nefer From his tomb at Thebes, Egypt
Dynasty XIX – BCE.

40. Mentuemhet
From Karnak, Egypt
Dynasty XXVI
ca. 650 BCE.

41. Comparison Section

42. In what way is the block statue of Senusret with Princess Nefrua (Fig
related to the figure of Khafre (Fig. 3-12), both stylistically and in terms of
function?
(Fig. 3-29)
(Fig. 3-12)

43. What was the function of each?
Compare ther Egyptian Pyramid of Djoser (Fig. 3-4), with the White Temple
and ziggurat, Uruk (Fig. 2-1). In what ways are they similar? How do they differ?
What was the function of each?
(Fig. 3-4) (Fig. 2-1)

44. What do the Great Pyramids of Gizeh (Figs
What do the Great Pyramids of Gizeh (Figs ), and the palace of
Persepolis (Fig. 2-26), say about the major concerns of the men and the societies that
commissioned them?
(Fig. 3-8) (Fig. 2-26)