1. Development of Western Thought & the Rise of Democratic Ideals
Democratic Development in England: The Glorious Revolution
Essential Question: How does the Glorious Revolution contribute to modern Ideas of democracy?

2. Essential Questions:
How have people worked to gain individual rights and liberties?
Why are individual liberties essential for citizens?
What dramatic principles have developed over time?
How does a government gain the legitimate right to rule?

3. Please Analyze the following Picture…

5. Feudalism
Provided a sense of security in the face of social and political turmoil

6. Divine Right of Kings Power comes directly from God
Accountable to God not citizens
Absolute monarchs

7. English Common Law Established By Henry II 1154
King could not write new laws, but had to follow accepted customs
Henry II found ways to expand customs into laws
Legal system based on custom & court rulings
Standardized laws and punishments

8. Magna Carta 1215 Forced king John to accept
Protections for the common man
Freedom from arrest, imprisonment
Due Process
Nobles had certain rights—later extended to all English citizens
Monarchs had to obey the laws

9. Parliament Great Council Nobles & Clergy met at the House of Lords
Knights & Middle-Class citizens met at the House of Commons
Could approve new taxes—checked and limited the power of the monarch

10. The Tudors

11. Tudor Dynasty 1485-1603 Had good relations with Parliament
Henry VIII broke with the Catholic Church-Established the Church of England
Elizabeth I died in 1603 without an heir

12. The Stuarts James I Charles I

13. Stuarts were the Scottish relatives of the Tudors
James I agreed to rule according to English laws and customs but behaved like absolute monarch

14. Clashed with Parliament
Sent them home in 1611 & 1614
Charles I becomes king
Charles I summoned Parliament and they revolted
Demanded the execution of the King’s chief ministers
Charles sent troops to Parliament

15. The English Civil War 1642-1649 Between Charles I & Parliament
Wealthy nobles support the King
Rural landowners, manufactures, Puritan clergy support Parliament
Oliver Cromwell’s army defeated the King

16. Cromwell

17. Parliament set up a court to try the king
King was executed as a traitor
First time a sitting monarch had been tried and executed by his own people

18. The Commonwealth
House of Commons abolished the Monarchy the House of Lords, and the Church of England
Declared England a Republic
Oliver Cromwell is in charge and installs a military dictatorship

19. Puritan Rule Exiled Catholics Cromwell dies in 1658
1660 a newly elected Parliament restored the monarchy by inviting Charles’s son to rule

20. The Stuarts Again Charles II

21. Charles II Absolute Monarch Had Catholic sympathies
Accepted the Petition of Right & effectively dealt with Parliament

22. James II

23. Inherited the throne in 1685
Flaunted his Catholic faith
Ignored Parliament and Laws
English Protestants fear James II will restore the Catholic Church

24. William & Mary

25. 1688 Parliament invited James’s Protestant daughter Mary & her Dutch husband William III of Orange to become rulers of England
As they arrive James II fled to France
This is know as a bloodless or glorious revolution

26. Significance
Limited Monarchy: Constitution or legislative body limits the monarchs power.
Destroyed divine right theory
King serves by the grace of Parliament not God

27. The English Bill of Rights
The king or queen could not cancel laws or impose taxes unless Parliament agreed.
Free elections
No excessive fines
No cruel punishments
Habeas Corpus
Right to bring complaints in front of the king or queen
Parliament meet frequently
Government would be based on laws and the rights of its citizens, not the authority of a single ruler