1. HWH UNIT 2 CHAPTER 4.3 THE EXCEPTION TO ABSOLUTISM: ENGLAND

2. A CENTURY OF REVOLUTION 1603: Elizabeth dies 1642-1649: Civil War 1649-1660: Monarchy abolished 1660-1688: Monarchy again 1688: Glorious Revolution Parliament made superior to the king

3. ENGLAND HAS ISSUES IN THE 17 TH CENTURY! End of the Tudor Dynasty (ruled since 1485) Religious Issues What will the Church of England’s beliefs and practices be? Power Struggle Parliament wants more authority over the king (or queen)

4. JAMES I (r. 1603-1625) First of the Stuart dynasty Believed in Divine Right absolutism Immediately at odds with Parliament Taxes Religious Issues Anglican, but intolerant Upset Puritans

6. CHARLES I (r. 1625-1649) Petition of Right (1628) Rules without Parliament, 1629-1640 The Long Parliament (1640- 1653) Refused to grant Charles new taxes Revolt in Scotland

7. CIVIL WAR, 1642-1649 1642: Charles tried to arrest leaders of Parliament STRICTLY ILLEGAL Parliament forms an army Cavaliers vs. Roundheads

8. FOR PARLIAMENT MIDDLE CLASS MANY PURITANS FOR THE KING NOBILITY ANGLICANS CAVALIERS VS. ROUNDHEADS CAVALIERSROUNDHEADAS

9. EXECUTION OF CHARLES I, 1649

10. 1653-1660 Direct rule by Oliver Cromwell (d.1658) “Lord Protector” Puritan dictatorship No parliament 1649-1653 Rule by parliament Imposed Puritan ideas Crushed Ireland THE INTERREGNUM, 1649-1660 The CommonwealthThe Protectorate

11. CHARLES II (r. 1660-1685) AND THE RESTORATION Very popular Had Catholic sympathies Idolized Louis XIV Married a French woman Smart enough not to challenge Parliament

12. JAMES II (r. 1685-1688) AND THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION OF 1688 James II was overtly Catholic William and Mary The Glorious Revolution of 1688 The English Bill of Rights Parliament is superior to the king King must call Parliament Only Parliament can tax Catholics banned from office

14. CONSTITUTIONAL GOVERNMENT Limited (or Constitutional) Monarchy Political Parties Whigs Tories The Cabinet System Prime Minister Robert Walpole NOT DEMOCRACY