1. How Does our Body Fight Diseases?

2. The Immune System!

3. What Diseases? The Bad Guys!

4. Viruses Very tiny Like a tootsie pop: Chocolate on inside is genetic material

5. Viruses Cont. Take over cells, make copies of themselves, and kill the cell Examples: Flu, HIV, chickenpox

6. Bacteria Smaller than our cells Many are good Many cause disease Like a Fruit (orange or banana) –Have a hard peel/cell wall

7. Bacteria Examples: chlamydia, gonorrhea, E. coli

8. Okay, now the Immune System The Good Guys!

9. Macrophages “Big Eaters” Gobble up Bacteria and Viruses

10. Heart of Immune System Macrophages break up bad guys into little pieces and display to the Helper T-Cell. Helper T-Cells direct the immune system traffic using chemical messages. Helper T-Cells are the Heart of the immune system

11. Helper T- Cell

12. Cells that Rely on Helper T-cells B-cells:produce proteins called Antibodies Antibodies: missiles that target foreign material

13. Once an antibody binds a germ, it neutralizes it and attracts other immune system cells like...

14. Killers Killer T-cells Killer T-cells get signals from Helper T-cells to find germs labeled with Antibodies. Killer T- cells will “Stab” the target cell so it breaks, killing the germs.

15. Killer T-Cells Killer Cell Target Cell Killer Cell attacking Target Cell

16. How does it all work together? Suppose you are a nose cell that catches a flu virus? What immune system will combat this? The Killer T-cell, but only after the Helper T-cell told it to come there.

17. How does it work? Suppose a pneumonia bacteria came into our lungs! A Macrophage would be waiting to eat it and show pieces to _____________? Then, the B cells come in with ___________ to help destroy it. The Helper T Cell Antibodies

18. What happens with HIV? HIV is a virus that attacks the immune system. HIV attacks Helper T cells which can cause Killer T-cells to attack Helper T-cells infected with HIV. This leads to Immune system CIVIL WAR

19. HIV continued Since your Immune system is at WAR with itself, Bacteria and Viruses can sneak in and make themselves cozy. Viruses can take over your body and the immune system is powerless because of the HIV

20. Research Many doctors, educators, and professors have been trying to come up with at cure to stop the threat. Your Job: To create a concept map illustrating the immune system. On the back, create a poster showing what HIV does to your immune system.

21. Your Assignment To create a concept map illustrating the immune system. On the back, create a poster showing what HIV does to your immune system.