1. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 11 Heavy Flavor and Spin Program at Xiaorong Wang New Mexico State University Heavy Flavor workshop at UIC June 17-18, 2012

2. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 2  Heavy Flavor measurement at PHENIX  Gluon Spin in the Proton (ΔG)  Transverse Spin Physics  Flavor Separated Sea Quark Spin Drell-Yan A LL (heavy flavor related)  Future Forward Physics Program at PHENIX

3. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 2 central arms: electrons charmonium J/ ,  ’  e  e open charm, beauty (D,B  e) 2 muon arms: muons “ onium” J / ,  ’,      open charm, beauty (D,B   ) Heavy Flavor Measurement at PHENIX e + (e - ) +(-)+(-) 3

4. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 4 Silicon Vertex Detector at PHENIX VTX (2011) and FVTX (2012) Displaced vertex tagging of D, B decay products Direct D reconstruction, B  J/   ’, upsilons Silicon Tracker DD   

5. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 Two Arms, Four tracking stations with full azimuthal coverage 75  m pitch strips in radial direction, 3.75° staggered phi strips Radiation length < 2.4%/wedge to minimize multiple scattering Outer Support and Cooling outside active area Kapton cable plant primarily outside active area

6. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 6 Summary of FVTX Status in 2012  Over 90% of Detector is operational and Detector performance design specifications have been met.  Software are tuning with real data.  Track fitting with MuTr  Alignment  New trigger for open heavy flavor physics  FVTX simulation and data analysis 9 FVTX Commissioning and Current Status Radiographs from reconstructed tracks pp510 U+U 200 GeV event display

7. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 7 Heavy Flavor SG3 trigger Development North SG3 &&MuID South SG3 &&MuID CuAu SG1 Trigger: p > 15GeV for W analysis SG3 Trigger: p > 5 GeV for heavy flavor Add 3-5 more rejection power on top of current MuID trigger

8. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 The challenge: backgrounds (  ->μ and K-> μ) overwhelm the signal.  Flying distance and decay angle are different. Get DCA components in r (higher resolution) and phi (moderate resolution).  Significant improvement in angular resolution of track leading to dimuons mass resolution  Track isolation cut will suppress hadrons from jet for W measurement  Joint tracking with MuTr. Track χ 2 cut will discriminate muon from hadron background. 8

9. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 9 S/B improvement for B and D with FVTX

10. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 10  Heavy Flavor measurement at PHENIX  Gluon Spin in the Proton (ΔG)  Transverse Spin Physics  Flavor Separated Sea Quark Spin Drell-Yan A LL (Heavy Flavor Related)  Future Forward Physics Program at PHENIX

11. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 11 DIS pQCD e+e- ? Study difference in particle production rates for same-helicity vs. opposite- helicity proton collisions -- Parton distribution functions -- Partonic hard scattering rates -- Fragmentation functions Probing the Helicity Structure of the Nucleon W. Vogelsang NLO sub-process in π production

12. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 12  Major impact of program Strong indication for a small gluon polarization!  Next steps: Map x-dependence and extension of x-coverage PRL 101, (2008)072001 DSSV 08 Impact of RHIC-Spin Program on Δg best fit has a zero-crossing at x ≈ 0.1 S. Wolin DIS2012

13. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 13 Heavy-flavor production is leading-order gluon interactions Heavy Flavor A LL at PHENIX W. Vogelsang NLO sub-process in π production

14. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 14 M. StratmannK. Nakamura, PHENIX

15. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 15

16. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 16 Heavy Flavor A LL with FVTX Heavy flavor with FVTX will allow us access small x.

17. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 17  Heavy Flavor measurement at PHENIX  Gluon Spin in the Proton (ΔG)  Transverse Spin Physics  Flavor Separated Sea Quark Spin Drell-Yan A LL (Heavy Flavor Related)  Future Forward Physics Program at PHENIX

18. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 18 Theoretical Models of TSSA (I)  Transverse momentum dependent (TMD) function approach Assuming TMD factorization…. TMD factorization is not valid for process involving more than two hadrons. T.Rogers, P Mulders, PRD81, 094006(2010) -- Sivers mechanism D. Sivers, PR D41 (1990) 83; D43 (1991) 261 -- Collins mechanism John Collins, Nucl Phys B396 (1993) 161 18

19. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 19  Collinear factorization approach Twist-3 factorization works at Q >>Λ QCD, -- Twist-3 quark-gluon correlation function T q F -- Two independent tri-gluon correlation functions T G ( f ) and T G ( d )  TMDs and Collinear Twist-3 Functions In the overlap region both approaches give the same physics (Drell-Yan) Ji, Qiu, Vogelsang and Yuan PRL 97, 082002 (2006) Collinear 19

20. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 20  Sensitive to gluon Sivers function (if it is well defined) * heavy flavor production dominated by gluon gluon fusion at RHIC * gluon has zero transversity  Sensitive to tri-gluon correlation functions  Also sensitive to J/ψ production mechanisms Gluon Sivers function – Heavy Flavor A N

21. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 Anselmino et al, PRD 70, 074025 (2004) Gluon Sivers=0 Gluon Sivers=Max Calculations for D mesons 21  A N measured for muons from D decay  Not favor maximum gluon silvers. Open Charm A N Measurement for  - H Liu, X Wang and M Liu V. Dharmawardane, S. Dairaku

22. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 22 Kang, Qiu, Yuan, Vogelsang, Phys. Rev. D 78,114013(2008) BUP12, PHENIX

23. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 23  Heavy Flavor measurement at PHENIX  Gluon Spin in the Proton (ΔG)  Transverse Spin Physics  Flavor Separated Sea Quark Spin Drell-Yan A LL (Heavy Flavor Related)  Future Forward Physics Program at PHENIX

24. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 24 Drell-Yan simulations with FVTX Z. You, X. Wang  Dominate background for 4 < mass 10 GeV is b-bbar  Full PYTHIA+PISA simulations for bbar and Drell-Yan with FVTX  Study background rejection with FVTX In Drell-Yan process

25. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 25 BUP 12, K. Lee, X. Jiang arxive:1108.4974 (Lu, Ma, Zhu) Sea Quark Spin TMD Functions

26. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 26  Heavy Flavor measurement at PHENIX  Gluon Spin in the Proton (ΔG)  Transverse Spin Physics  Flavor Separated Sea Quark Spin Drell-Yan A LL (Heavy Flavor Related)  Future Forward Physics Program at PHENIX

27. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 MuID RICH HCal EMCal Tracker EMcal Hcal 2T Magnet * Not to scale 27

28. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012  Measurements: Jets Energy (Sivers, CNM) Lepton ID (DY, heavy flavor) , K ID (Collins) Charge ID (DY, heavy flavor, pion and kaon asyms) Momentum  Detector needs: Calorimtery Calorimetry, preshower RICH Tracker Barrel Magnetic, additional(?) 28 K. Boyle

29. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 29 Testing QCD: Drell-Yan A N DIS: attractiveDrell-Yan: repulsive 0.1 0.2 0.3 x Sivers Amplitude 0 HERMES Sivers Results M. Diefenthaler arXiv:0706.2242 Z. Kang and J. Qiu. Phys. Rev., D81:054020, 2010 Estimated DY A N from global Sivers fit

30. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012  Heavy flavor is unique channel to understand gluon polarization and gluon Sivers.  PHENIX has measured single electron longitudinal double spin asymmetry to understand ΔG.  PHENIX has measured heavy flavor transverse single spin asymmetry to understand gluon Sivers.  Newly installed FVTX detector has successfully commissioned into PHENIX data taking. New heavy flavor trigger (SG3) is implemented. Good efficiency and rejection achieved low p > 5 GeV single muons.  Heavy flavor spin physics are coming soon. 30

31. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 31

32. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 32  Sensitive to gluon Sivers function (if it is well defined) * heavy flavor production dominated by gluon gluon fusion at RHIC * gluon has zero transversity  Sensitive to tri-gluon correlation functions  Also sensitive to J/ψ production mechanisms Gluon Sivers function – Heavy Flavor A N One color-singlet diagram — no cancellation, Two color-octet diagrams — cancellation no asymmetry F Yuan, PRD78, 014024(2008)

33. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012  Gluon Fusion dominates at LO PYTHIA:  Gluon polarization and A LL  Gluon Sivers function and A N - eliminate Collions effect 33

34. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 34 October 24, 2008 DNP2008, Xiaorong Wang 34 very different from Light hadrons Carry most of initial quark’s energy, pi, K, D, B.. From PDG

35. Xiaorong Wang, Heavy Flavor Workshop at UIC, June, 2012 35