1. 4th Biomass Asia Workshop in Malaysia, on Nov.20-22, 2007
Biomass-Asia Project-Second Stage: Research and Technological Development for Sustainable Biomass Utilization in Asian Countries Kinya Sakanishi Biomass Technology Research Center(BTRC), AIST, Hiroshima , Japan
“Green Biomass
for Blue Earth”

2. Challenges in the 21st century Trilemma !
Energy
Environment
Food
Trilemma !
Collaborations (Agriculture & Engineering etc.) in the Asian Countries
keyword: Biomass

3. Unit: EJ ※1EJ=2.6×107kl-petroleum
Potential of Biomass Energy in the World
Asian region has abundant biomass resources.
(87EJ corresponds to 2.3 billion kl-petroleum)
Unit: EJ ※1EJ=2.6×107kl-petroleum 17 38 30 41 87
Oceania
Africa
South America
North America
Europe
Asia 20 40 60 80
100
Plantation
Animal waste
Agricultural waste
Forest
Ref. “Study on energy conversion technology for Biomass”
(RITE、1998～2000)

5. Potential Collaboration Projects
Biomass
Target Technology
Products
Sewage Sludge
Methane
Hydrothermal
Pretreatment
Methane
Fermentation
Food Waste
Hydrogen
Agricultural Waste
(rice husk, baggasse)
BTL
DME or
hydrocarbon
BDF
(glycerin)
BDF
Energy Crops
(cassava, sugar
cane, oil palm)
Plant Growth
Regulation
Bioplastics
Fermentation
Non-acid
Pretreatment
Forestry Products
Bioethanol
Technical and Post Doctoral Training (JICA program etc.)
Biomass LCA
Standardization

6. BioEthanol from Lignocellulosic Biomass
Ethanol derived from biomass is one of the most promising options to reduce fossil fuel use and alleviate the global warming.
Reduction of petroleum consumption　　 Reduction of CO2 emission. . 6

7. Future Needs for Alternative Transportation Fuel
Fuel technologies for urban environment 　
　Fuel technologies for mini-
minimizing fuel consumption
2020-
*PM,NOx reduction *Advanced end-of-pipe technologies
*CO2 reduction *New engine system/new fuel
S-free・low-aroma・low-olefins and high octane gasoline
S-free gasoline
Designed fuel
Petroleum
S-free diesel
S-free・low-aroma diesel
Energy security
S-free,　Aroma-free
Natural Gas
GTL / BTL
Biomass
Syngas　CO/H2
FT Synthesis,
DME
etc.
Heavy Oils
Methanol
Coal H2
H2 for Fuel Cell

8. Two Opposite Directions of Biomass Utilization
As large as possible
Bio-fuel Cell !
High efficiency and convenience
Local Energy Supply
Industrial Utilization
High economical viability
Stable law material supply,
High demand in product
As small as possible

9. Biomass-Asia Strategy- for Sustainable Growth
resources, technology
and cost efficiency
JAPAN
IP and technology
win/win collaboration in R&D
Produce new energies (transportation fuels:
Bioethanol, BDF etc.
Reduce CO2 by using biomass
Produce biomaterials
Manufacturing bases in Asia
Biomass industry
Create new industries and new　markets

10. Past and Present Status of Asia Biomass Strategy
WS (ASEAN Biomass)
Forum (MAFF support)
2005.1
1st Biomass Asia Workshop
2nd Biomass Asia Workshop
2006.1
Biomass Asia Forum
3rd Biomass Asia Workshop
Asian Biomass Association
Prep. Committee
NEDO(0112)より
Proposal
4th Biomass Asia WS & Organizing Asian Biomass Association

11. Asian Biomass Research Consortium
Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Science (JIRCAS)
National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO)
Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI)
University of Tokyo
Hiroshima University
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
Partnership with Industry and Academia
Research consortium in Asia
Collaboration programs with Asian countries

12. International Affairs Dept.&Headquarters etc.
Asia Biomass Energy Research Core( )& Biomass Asia Project Team（BAPT; ) of AIST
Asia Biomass Energy Research Core　　　　　　　　　
Biomass Technology Research Center
Research Center for New Fuel Vehicle Technology
International Affairs Dept.&Headquarters etc.
Research Center for Life Cycle Assessment
Energy Technology Research Institute
BAPT
(Biomass-related
Research Units)
Research Center for Compact Chemical Process
Research Institute for Innovation in Sustainable Chemistry
Research Institute for Environmental Management Technology
Institute for Biological Resources and Functions
Research Institute for Genome-based Biofactory

13. Biomass-Asia Project-2nd Stage: Research and Technological Development
JST, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science & Technology,(MEXT)
Biomass-Asia Project-2nd Stage:
Research and Technological Development
for Sustainable Biomass Utilization
in Asian Countries
Members;
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS)
National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO)
Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI)
The University of Tokyo　　
Hiroshima University
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA)
Standards and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia (SIRIM)
Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology（VAST)
The Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT)　

14. JST Program(supported by MEXT)
Progress and Proposal
JST Program(supported by MEXT) FY
Research Project for ASEAN
Biomass R&D Strategy
<Biomass Asia Workshop and Networking Asian Biomass Countries>
FY (2nd stage)
Research and Technological Development
for Sustainable Biomass Utilization
in Asian Countries
<Feasibility Study and Business Models for Sustainable Biomass Utilization>

15. Political and Social Needs
Political Need;
　・Biomass Nippon Strategy（2002 & 2005 renewed）
　・EPA：Japan-Malaysia(2006), Japan-Thailand(2007)
　・Japan-China-Korea Science&Technology Collaboration
Ministry Meeting(2007)
　・East Asia(ASEAN+E3) Summit：Cebu Island Declaration(2007)
Social Need and Impact;
・Mitigation of Global Warming
　・Substitution of Fossil Fuels
　・Activation of Agriculture
　・Suppression of Desertification
　・Demonstration of Sustainable Development Scenario

16. Purpose of the Present Proposal
Best Practice Scenario and System for Sustainable Biomass Utilization Models in Asian Countries
Win-Win relationship
China
Total Promotion of Biomass Asia Strategy
Extensive Win-Win Collaboration in Asia
International R&D Joint Projects on Biomass,
Especially agriculture and engineering fields
Japan
Technology, IP, Human resources
ASEAN
Resources, Economical development,
Technology transfer
Energy, Materials, CO2 reduction：CDM ⇒ Sustainable Development

17. Proposal Content (draft)
Resources
Technology
1. Hybrid Agricultural Refinery
Model (ex. China)
Corn, Rice, Wheat, Sugarcane,
Cassava etc.
2. ASEAN Continental Model;
Rice & Sugar Energy Complex Model
(ex. Thailand, Viet Nam etc.)
3. ASEAN Islands Model;
Palm Oil Energy Complex
　（Malaysia, Indonesia etc.)
1. Sustainable Biomass-Refinery
(1) Bio-Fuels
1-1. Bio-ethanol
1-2. Bio-diesel fuel(BDF)
(2) Bio-chemicals
2. Evaluation & Design of Biomass
Utilization System
(1) Life cycle assessment(LCA)
(2) Demonstration plant projects
(3) Design of optimized local models
3. Research and Development for
Sustainable Biomass Production
Proposal of Efficient Recovery and Utilization Model of Agricultural Wastes

18. Role Sharing among Biomass-Asia Research Consotium
1. Sustainable Biomass-Refinery
(1) Biofuels;
1-1. Bio-ethanol
1-2. BDF
(2) Bio-chemicals
　2. 2. Evaluation & Design of Biomass
Utilization System
(1) Life cycle assessment(LCA)
(2) Demonstration plant projects
(3) Design of optimized local models
3. Research and Development for
Sustainable Biomass Production
AIST
JIRCAS
FFPRI
NARO UT
Hiroshima
Univ.
CAS
NSTDA
SIRIM
VAST
BPPT

19. Sustainable Biomass Utilization Scenario in Asia
1) Palm Oil and Energy Complex ;
- Combined production of BDF and other bio-fuels for
sustainable availability and environmental protection
2) Sugar and Rice Energy Complex;
- Large-scale bio-ethanol production from agricultural
wastes for simultaneous supply of food and bio-fuels
3) Wood Refinery Complex;
- Total multi-production system of timber, paper pulp,
ethanol, and chemicals for new business model

20. Proposal on R&D Topics ~Palm Oil Complex~
Utilization of EFB, trunk & residue;
Gasification and C1 chemistry (bio-refinery)
Bio-ethanol (sugar platform)
BDF related technologies and glycerol utilization;
Exportable to Japan (improving fluidity) and standard
Direct hydro-cracking
Polymer materials from glycerol
Hydrogen and Ethanol Production from glycerol
Utilization of POME: No R&D topic. Commercial level.;
Others;
High yield palm species (Genetic engineering)
Machine for palm plantation (robot)
Sustainability analysis (LCA, monitoring)

21. Ethanol Production from Palm Wastes
Oil Palm
Pretreatment
Trunk waste
Saccharification
Fresh Fruit Bunch
Lignocellulosic Biomass
Fermentation
Empty Fruit Bunch
Fruit
Purification
Fiber, Shell
ETHANOL
Crude Palm Oil Palm Kernel

22. New Materials from Oil Palm Biomass Oil Palm
Palm Oil
Bio-waste
Palm oil industry
BDF　
trunk EFB　　shell
・lignocellulosic materials
・Ethanol production　
　　 lignin etc.
Crude glycerol
Development of polymer materials
ISO (Aerobic biodegradation test)
participated International Round-robin test (RRT)
ISO/AWI (Preparation method of test materials for biodegradation tests)
proposed by AIST
ISO (Anaerobic biodegradation tests)
participated RRT
ASTM D6866 (Measuring method of biomass carbon ratio)
on research work in order to propose as ISO in future
Standardization for Biodegradable plastics in AIST

23. Fruitful Collaborations Using Biomass
Technology Transfer
Investment
CDM
CO2 Reduction
Carbon Credit
Local Energy Supply
Bio-Fuels
Forest Restoration
Bio-Chemicals

24. Biomass Networking for Sustainable Partnership&Collaborations in Asia
1) Organizing Working Group of Biomass Asia Network
- Asian Biomass Association for Next Step
2) Future Workshop Arrangement/Management;
- Host Country Initiative and Secretariat Function
3) Establishment of Personnel Exchanging Programs ;
- Promotion of Multi-disciplinary Technical and Post-doctoral Training and Education
4) Establishment of On-site Biomass Research Center;
- Biomass Resources Bank and R&D Core in Asia

25. Thank you for your kind attention!
“Green Biomass for Cool Earth”
Thank you for your kind attention!