1. F.J.TURNER’S FRONTIER THESIS, A SUMMARY OF THE STEPS The steps toward city building

2. Turner’s frontier “begins with the Indian and the hunter: it goes on to tell of the disintegration of savagery by the entrance of the trader, the pathfinder of civilization; we read the annals of the pastoral stage in ranch life; the exploitation of the soil by the raising of unrotated crops of corn and wheat in sparsely settled farming communities; the intensive culture of denser farm settlement; and finally the manufacturing organization with city and factory system.”

3. Indian origins

4. Pathfinders, hunters

5. traders

6. Cattle raisers, pastoral stage

7. Small farms

8. Extensive grain farms

9. Urban manufacturing---Cities

10. Chicago “where all the forces of nature intersect” Frederick J. Turner

11. The frontier is where “civilization meets savagery” Frederick Jackson Turner quote