1. Biological Abnormalities Chromosomal Abnormalities Hormonal Abnormalities Gender Identity Creation/Change

2. KEY CONCEPTS Chromosomal Abnormalities Errors in cell division lead to extra or missing chromosomes Ø)Turner’s Syndrome (X Ø) Trisomy X Syndrome (XXX) Klinefelter’s Syndrome (XXY or even XXXY) Supernumerary Y Syndrome (XYY) Hormonal Abnormalities It’s the ratio of androgens/estrogens that make us male/female Androgenital Syndrome (too much androgen) Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (normal androgen, body can’t use it) Gender Identity and Gender Of Rearing The “Creation” Of Gender Identities When Gender “Creation” Doesn’t Stick

3. X Chromosome Y Chromosome

4. XX - Female XY - Male

5. Trisomy X SyndromeTurner’sSyndrome In the absence of a “Y” chromosome, these are females.

6. Supernumerary Y Syndrome Klinefelter’s Syndrome In the presence of a “Y” chromosome, these are males. They are “Pseudo-hermaphrodites”

7. KEY CONCEPTS Chromosomal Abnormalities Errors in cell division and there are extra or missing chromosomes Ø)Turner’s Syndrome (X Ø) Trisomy X Syndrome (XXX) Klinefelter’s Syndrome (XXY or even XXXY) Supernumerary Y Syndrome (XYY) Hormonal Abnormalities It’s the ratio of androgens/estrogens that make us male/female Androgenital Syndrome (too much androgen) Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (normal androgen, body can’t use it) Gender Identity and Gender Of Rearing The “Creation” Of Gender Identities When Gender “Creation” Doesn’t Stick

8. KEY CONCEPTS Chromosomal Abnormalities Errors in cell division and there are extra or missing chromosomes Ø)Turner’s Syndrome (X Ø) Trisomy X Syndrome (XXX) Klinefelter’s Syndrome (XXY or even XXXY) Supernumerary Y Syndrome (XYY) Hormonal Abnormalities It’s the ratio of androgens/estrogens that make us male/female Androgenital Syndrome (too much androgen) Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (normal androgen, body can’t use it) Gender Identity and Gender Of Rearing The “Creation” Of Gender Identities When Gender “Creation” Doesn’t Stick

9. Gender Identity “Creation” The Case Of David Reimer Gender Identity “Change” The Case Of The Guevedoces 18 months 4 years 8 years 19 years 42 years