1. Terrorism and CERT

2. TERRORISM  CERT teams can play a helpful role in a terrorist incident  However, the CERT role may be less direct and more in a support role  Terrorist incidents are challenging and require professional first responders

3. Terrorism Goals:  Multiple casualties/fatalities  Loss of critical resources  Disruption of vital services  Disruption of Economy  Anxiety/Panic

4. Domestic & Foreign Terrorists  9/11 – Foreign terrorists  Oklahoma City – domestic extremists  On Campuses  Animal Rights – recent UCLA incidents  Individual active shooters

5. Possible Targets of Terrorism :  Symbolic and historical targets  Assembly areas  Infrastructure systems such as public safety, transportation, or communications  Institutions of higher learning (considered “soft targets”)  Chemical and agriculture storage areas  Hospitals

6. B-NICE Categories of possible terrorist weapons:  Biological  Nuclear  Incendiary  Chemical  Explosive

7. Biological Weapons  anthrax  tularemia  pneumonic plague  botulism  smallpox

8.  Sudden epidemic - Large number seeking medical attention with symptoms uncharacteristic for season Indicators of Bio Agents

9. Routes of Exposure for Biological Agents  Inhalation  Ingestion  Skin absorption/contact

10. Nuclear Weapons  Nuclear bomb  Dirty bomb  Least likely type of incident due to difficulty

11. Fits in a Suitcase?

12. Incendiary Incidents An incendiary is any mechanical, electrical, or chemical device used to start a fire.

13. Chemical Agents  Inhalation  Ingestion  Skin absorption/contact

14. Nerve Agents  Sarin - colorless to brown liquid  Others - colorless  Odor - Sarin none  Others – sweet/fruity  Symptoms  Miosis  Runny nose  Localized sweating  Muscle spasms/contractions  Nausea/vomiting  Confusion or drowsiness  Death

15. Choking Agents  Phosgene - colorless gas  Diphosgene - colorless liquid  Odor  New mown hay, Freshly cut grass, Green corn

16. Choking Agent Symptoms  Irritation of eyes & respiratory tract  Tightness in chest  Nausea/vomiting  Headache  Death may result within 24 hours

17. Blood Agents  Cyanide – colorless gas/liquid  Arsine – colorless gas  Odor  Cyanide – bitter almonds  Arsine – garlic  Symptoms  Changes in breathing rate  Headache, Giddiness  Convulsions, Shallow breathing  Unconsciousness  Changes in lip & skin color  Death

18. Blister Agents  Physical state  Mustard - colorless to pale yellow liquid  Lewisite - colorless to brownish liquid  Odor  Mustard - garlic or horseradish  Lewisite – geraniums  Affects skin like severe burns

19. Explosive Incidents Explosive:  any substance or article, including a device, designed to function by explosion ANOTHER DEFINITION:  Anything that can go BOOM!

20. Explosives make up 90% of all attacks Only 4% preceded by warning Explosive Incidents

21. Primary and Secondary Dangers  Initial explosion may be followed by secondary explosions

22. If you observe an object that is out of place or does not seem right:  Do not touch it  Move away from the object  Report it to authorities CAUTION: A CELL PHONE OR RADIO MAY DETONATE AN INCENDIARY OR EXPLOSIVE DEVICE.

23. Basic Decontamination Procedures If you believe that you have chemicals on your skin or clothing, then:  Take action immediately—time is critical.  Leave enclosed area.  Remove everything on your body  cut off clothes normally removed over head  remove jewelry and wigs Wash hands before using them to shower Shower or flush your body with water Blot yourself with absorbent cloth to dry Put on clean clothes and maintain body temperature Go to decontamination station set-up by responders

24. ACTIVE CAMPUS SHOOTER Perhaps the most likely form of terrorism on a college campus.

25. If you receive warning of a shooter on campus: TAKE SHELTER Close and lock doors and windows Turn off lights and close window blinds/curtains Stay away from windows Remain inside until all clear by campus officials  Sign up for TrojansAlert emergency warning system at https://trojansalert.usc.edu Campus Shooter Procedures

26. Close and lock or barricade doors Turn off lights and close window blinds/curtains Silence cell phones, pagers, computers Call DPS at 213-740-4321 to report incident Remain quiet. Do not answer the door. Follow directions of law enforcement when they arrive If you hear shots fired in your building:

27.  There is no standard procedure the authorities recommend in this situation.  Assess the specific situation and take the best course of action to ensure your and others’ safety. Remain passive? Run/flee? Fight? If the shooter enters your area:

28. Handling of Troubled Students & Employees Violence prevention is the best approach  University has established protocols for identifying, monitoring, and helping disturbed students  PROBLEM: Most students do not report concerns