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Published byJuniper Jones Modified over 9 years ago
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Matter and Its Properties
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The physical material of the universe which we are studying. Anything that occupies space and has mass.
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Amount of matter in an object. Measure of Earth’s gravitational pull on matter.
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States of Matter Solid -incompressible, definite volume and shape. Liquid -incompressible, definite volume, but no definite shape. Gas -compressible, no definite volume or shape. Plasma -high temperature state of matter in which atoms lose their electrons (found in fluorescent lighting, fire, and stars).
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-Depend on the amount of matter present. -Include volume, mass, amount of energy, etc. -Do not depend on the amount of matter present. -Include melting point, boiling point, density, and the ability to conduct electricity and heat.
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-characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance itself. -ex: melting point, boiling point, color, taste, odor, density, etc.
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-reactivity -ex: flammability, ability to rust, corrosiveness, etc.
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-change in physical appearance -ex: dissolving, grinding, cutting, melting, boiling, etc.
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WHEN A SUBSTANCE IS TRANSFOMED INTO A CHEMICALLY DIFFERENT SUBSTANCE. Aka - chemical reactions. (ex: combustion, rusting, burning)
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Indicators of a chemical reaction: 1.Energy absorbed or released (temperature changes hotter or colder) 2.Color change 3.Gas production (bubbling, fizzing, or odor change) 4.Odor change 5.formation of a precipitate- a solid that separates from solution (won’t dissolve) 6.Irreversibility- not easily reversed
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Non-mixtures Matter that has a constant, invariable composition Elements and Compounds
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substances that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by chemical means. Ex: carbon, oxygen, aluminum
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Chemical combination of two or more elements Can be decomposed by chemical means into two or more elements Ex: sugar, water, NaCl
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-the smallest particle that has the properties of an element
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-two or more atoms combined chemically -smallest representative particle of a compound
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Physical blend of at least two substances. Each component keeps it’s own properties.
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-Not uniform in composition. -Noticeable differences between components. -Ex: Chocolate chip cookies, a salad, blood?
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-Uniform composition. -No visible difference between components. -Also called “solutions”. -Ex: air, salt water, brass (Cu and Zn), paint
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Which is it? Element Compound Mixture
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-Mixtures can be separated based on the physical properties of its components.
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