1. Intro to Chemistry

2. I.What is Chemistry? A.Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes.

3. II.What is matter? A.Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.

4. III.Mass vs. Weight A.Mass 1.Reflects the amount of matter in an object 2.Constant and does not change regardless of location B.Weight 1.Reflects the amount of matter in an object 2.Changes depending on the gravitational pull

5. IV.Scientific Method A.Systematic approach used to solve a problem B.The main steps: 1.Observations 2.Hypothesis 3.Experiments 4.Data/Results 5.Analysis 6.Conclusions

6. Lab—Any Bright Ideas?

7. V.Observation vs. Inferences A.Observation 1.The act of gathering information based on your senses B.Inference 1.A reasonable conclusion based on an observation and prior knowledge C.Warm Up Demo

8. Activity think-pair-share Activity think-pair-share Separate the following into two groups: Rotten odor 12.4 feet Boiling point of 85°C Appears cloudy Purple 5 leaves 3.70 seconds square

9. Create a name for each category.

10. VI. Types of Observations —describes physical characteristics 1.Color, odor, shape —numerical information 1.How much, how little, how big, how fast A.Qualitative data B.Quantitative data

11. VII. Testing Hypotheses A.Hypothesis—a proposed explanation for an observation B.Experiment—a method to test a hypothesis 1.Variables i.Independent—manipulated variable; the variable that you change during the experiment

12. ii.Dependent—responding variable; the variable that is measured during the experiment iii.Control—the standard for comparison D ependent R esponding Y -axis M anipulated I ndependent X -axis “DRY MIX”

13. Activity

14. Lower the pH by adding aluminum to the soil Raise the pH by adding phosphorus in the soil Hydrangeas water

15. VIII. Data/Results A.Collecting qualitative/quantitative data B.Making graphs, tables, charts

16. IX.Analysis A.Describing patterns and trends using your data B.Calculate degree of uncertainty

17. X.Conclusion A.Accept or reject hypothesis B.Identify sources of error C.Suggestions for further experimentation

18. XI. Theory vs. Law A.Scientific Theory 1.the “why” 2.An explanation that has been supported by many experiments, based on data B.Scientific Law 1. the “what” 2.Concise statement that describes and summarizes events of many experiments and observations