1. Substance Abuse Illicit drug use
Any unnecessary or improper use of chemical substances for nonmedical purposes
Illicit drug use
The use or sale of any substance that is illegal or other wise not permitted

2. Illegal Drugs (street drugs)
Chemical substances that people of any age may not lawfully manufacture, possess, buy, or sell
Prescription Drugs
Drugs available only by means of a doctor’s written instructions and can be dispensed only by a licensed pharmacist
Over-the-counter Drugs
Drugs that you can buy without a prescription. Can be harmful if not used properly

3. What are factors that influence decisions about drugs?
Media Messages
Peer Pressure
Role Models
Perceptions
Family Members

4. Health Consequences of Drug Use Illegal drugs have harmful side effects that can range from minor to deadly
Unlike medicines, these substances are not monitored for quality, purity, or strength
Physical Consequences
Brain, heart, lungs, and other vital organs
Contraction of Diseases such as hepatitis B and HIV
Overdose- a strong, sometimes fatal reaction to taking a large amount of a drug

5. Mental/ Emotional Consequences
Drugs cloud reasoning and thinking, and users lose control of their behavior
Social Consequences
Negative effect on relationships with friends and family members; Substance abuse is a major factor in many crimes, suicides, and unintentional injuries

6. Side Effects of Drug use
Psychological dependence:
A condition in which a person believes
That a drug is needed in order to feel good
Or to function normally
nausea
Addiction: A physiological
Or psychological dependence on a drug
Physiological Dependence:
A condition in which the user has a chemical
Need for the drug
headaches
Death
Tolerance: the body of the substance abuser
Needs more and more of the drug to get the
Same effect.
Loss of
consciousness

7. Marijuana:
a plant whose leaves, buds, and flowers are usually smoked for their intoxicating effects

8. Marijuana Also known as grass, weed, and pot Hashish, or hash, is a
stronger form of marijuana
An individual who uses marijuana is 17 times more likely to use cocaine than one who has never used marijuana.

9. Effects of Marijuana
Slow mental reflexes and may suffer sudden feelings of anxiety and paranoia
In males, regular use interferes with sperm production and lowers levels of testosterone
Females experience an increase in testosterone levels which may result in unwanted facial hair and can lead to infertility
Driving under the influence of marijuana can be as dangerous as driving while intoxicated

11. Inhalants
Substances whose fumes are sniffed and inhaled to achieve a mind-altering effect

12. Examples of Inhalants Solvents Aerosols Glues Spray paints Gasoline
Varnishes
Nitrous oxides

13. Consequences of inhalant use
Glassy stare
Slurred speech
Impaired judgment
Permanent nervous system and brain damage
Sudden Death by:
increasing heart rate resulting in cardiac arrest
suffocation

15. Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids
Synthetic substances that are similar to the male sex hormone testosterone

16. Effects of Steroid use Anabolic refers to muscle building
Androgenic refers to increased male characteristics
Mood swings
Impaired judgment resulting from feelings of invincibility
Paranoia
If needle injection used the risk of disease-causing viruses ex: HIV
The non-medical use of steroids is illegal for people of all ages in the United States

18. Psychoactive Drugs chemicals that affect the central nervous system and alter activity in the brain
4 Types
Stimulants
Depressants
Narcotics
Hallucinogens

19. Stimulants Cocaine Crack Amphetamines Methamphetamine
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)

20. Effects of Cocaine Include: Collapse of nasal septum
A rapid-acting, powerful, highly addictive stimulant that interrupts normal functioning of the central nervous system
Effects of Cocaine Include:
malnutrition
Cardiac Arrest
Respiratory failure
Physiological
dependence
depression
paranoia
DEATH
seizures
Collapse of nasal septum
Cardiac
Problems
fatigue

21. Health Risks Crack An even more dangerous form of cocaine
One of the most deadly drugs available
Health Risks
Extremely Addictive
Rapid increase in heart rate and blood pressure can cause death
Mixing with alcohol is extremely dangerous

22. Amphetamines Health Risks
Prescription medicines to reduce fatigue and drowsiness and to suppress the appetite
Health Risks
Easily developed tolerance can result in overdose
Twitching
Irregular heartbeat
Paranoia
Heart and blood vessel damage

23. Methamphetamines (Meth)
Meth can be lethal, addictive, and unpredictable
Club Drug
Another form is Crystal Meth

25. Effects of Meth Use General Effects Long Term Effects
Elevated heart rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate
Decreased Appetite
Alertness
Aggression
Paranoia
Depression
Irritability
Hallucinations
Delusions
Strong psychological dependence
Malnutrition
Skin abscesses
Mood disturbances
Kidney and other tissue damage
Cardiac and neurological damage
Meth Mouth

26. Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
Both Ritalin and Adderall are the two most commonly abused prescription stimulants
When abused can lead to
Dangerously high body temperature
Irregular heartbeat
Paranoia
Cardiovascular failure
Lethal Seizures

27. Depressants
Barbiturates
Tranquilizers
Rohypnol
GHB

28. Depressants
Drugs that tend to slow down the central nervous system
The most commonly used depressants is
Alcohol

29. Rohypnol the date rape drug Known as Looks like an ordinary aspirin
Rohypnol can be dissolved easily into a beverage. The victim wakes up much later with no recollection of what may have happened during the last several hours

30. GHB Low Doses Higher Dosages Drowsiness Dizziness Nausea
Another Date Rape Drug
A person can easily overdose on GHB
The drug leaves the blood relatively quickly, making it hard to discover
Low Doses
Higher Dosages
Drowsiness
Dizziness
Nausea
Visual Disturbances
Unconsciousness
Seizures
Severe Respiratory Depression
Coma

31. Narcotics
Heroin
Opium
Oxycodone
Hyrocodone

32. Narcotics
An addictive drug, such as opium, that reduces pain, alters mood and behavior, and usually induces sleep or stupor. Natural and synthetic narcotics are used in medicine to control pain.
A soothing, numbing agent or thing

34. Health Risks Heroin Liver disease Highly addictive
Depresses the central nervous system
Slows breathing and pulse rate
Infection of the heart lining and valves
Liver disease
Coma
Death
Health Risks

35. Heroin

36. Extremely Addictive Oxycodone A narcotic prescribed to relieve pain
OxyContin is a timed-releases version of Oxycodone
Do not take while drinking alcohol Dangerous side effects or death can occur when combined
It is a significant threat because it is only available in higher doses

37. Oxycodone in the News

39. Hydrocodone Vicodin is one of the most commonly abused forms
A narcotic drug prescribed for pain control
Vicodin is one of the most commonly abused forms
Extremely Addictive

40. Short Term Effects Long Term Effects Difficulty Breathing
Closing of the throat
Facial Swelling
Hives
Seizures
Loss of Consciousness
Coma
Constipation
Dryness of Mouth
Respiratory Depression
Physical Tolerance
Dependence

41. Hallucinogens
PCP
Hallucinogenic Mushrooms
Mescaline
Ketamine
LSD

42. Symptoms PCP Induces Violent behavior
Originally considered for an anesthetic but discontinued
Considered an Hallucinogen, stimulant, depressant and anesthetic
Induces Violent behavior
Unpredictable with reactions
Flashbacks can occur at anytime causing:
Panic
Confusion
Lack of Control
Symptoms
Hallucinations
Disorientation
Impaired Coordination
Coma
Stupor
Convulsions
Decreased Heart Rate and Blood Pressure
Seizures
Death
Overdose
Induced destructive behavior

43. Ketamine Preoperative anesthetic that is used in veterinary medicine
Makes the user feel detached from his or her environment
Has both analgesic (pain relief) and amnesic (memory loss) properties
Has been used in drug facilitated sexual assaults

44. Effects Depressed Respiratory Rate Nausea Loss of Coordination
Temporary Amnesia
Hallucinations
Paranoia
Coma
Flashbacks
Convulsions
Death

45. Ketamine Today

46. Ketamine Coma
Do you think that the USA should allow Ketamine induced comas?
Why or Why not?

47. LSD unpredictable The most potent and highly studied hallucinogen
Effects are
Effects can last from 2 hours to 12 hours depending on dosage
DOI is a drug that is very similar both in affects and form to LSD
Often times users conceal drugs in food such as gummy bears, cookies
unpredictable

48. Introducing LSD

49. Effects Extreme mood sings Illusions Impaired short-term memory
Hallucinations
Disorientation
Impaired coordination
Tremors
Confusion
Extreme mood sings
Impaired short-term memory
Prolong Depression
Anxiety
Flashbacks

50. Personal Stories

51. Other Drugs

52. MDMA Ecstasy
Designer Drug: synthetic substances meant to imitate the effects of hallucinogens and other dangerous drugs
Combination Stimulant and Hallucinogen
Suppresses the need to eat
Ecstasy Tablets come in many different shapes, colors, sizes and with many logos.

53. Consequences
Increased heart rate and blood pressure
Liver Damage
Paranoia
Depression
Damage to the brain
Confusion
Depression
Sleep Difficulties
Anxiety
Panic Attacks
Jaw Clenching/ Teeth Grinding
Ecstasy disrupts the body’s ability to regulate temperature, thus heating to a point that can result in liver, kidney and cardiovascular-system failure and sometimes death

55. DXM
Loss of Muscle Control
Rash
Fever and Sweating
High Blood Pressure
Loss of Consciousness
Brain Damage
Stroke
Death
Diarrhea
Abdominal Pain
Nausea and Vomiting
Numbness
Coma
Cerebral Hemorrhages
Seizures
Mania
A cough suppressing ingredient in a variety of over-the-counter cold and cough medications including syrup, tablets, and lozenges

56. MDPV “Bath Salts”

57. “Bath Salts”
A new, highly addictive designer drug labeled “Bath Salts”
contains Mephedrone and MDPV (Methylenedioxypyrovalerone)
“Bath Salts” are so addicting that users crave the drug even after experiencing a trip to the Emergency Room

58. The effects of “Bath Salts” may be permanent
Consequences
“Bath Salts” are known to produce side effects similar to Meth and Cocaine such as:
elevated heart rate
Hypertension
Irritability
extreme paranoia
delusions of super-human strength and invincibility
Hallucinations
Suicide
aggressive and violent behavior
possibly even murder.
The effects of “Bath Salts” may be permanent