1. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON People, Places, and Change HOLT 1 Earth’s Resources Section 1: Soil and Forests Section 2: Water and Air Section 3: Minerals Section 4: Energy Resources CHAPTER 4

2. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON People, Places, and Change HOLT 2 Objectives: What physical processes produce fertile soil? What physical processes produce fertile soil? What processes threaten soil fertility? What processes threaten soil fertility? Why are forests valuable resources and how are they being protected? Why are forests valuable resources and how are they being protected? Section 1 Soil and Forests

3. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON People, Places, and Change HOLT 3 Fertile soil is produced by: Earth’s natural processes Earth’s natural processes Fertilizers Fertilizers Crop rotation Crop rotation Section 1 Soil and Forests

4. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON People, Places, and Change HOLT 4 Soil fertility is threatened by: Over-farming Over-farming Salty soil Salty soil Erosion Erosion Desertification Desertification Section 1 Soil and Forests

5. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON People, Places, and Change HOLT 5 Forests provide: Food Food Shelter Shelter Wood-based products Wood-based products Recreation Recreation Conservation and reforestation protect forests. Section 1 Soil and Forests

6. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON People, Places, and Change HOLT 6 Objectives: Why is water an important resource? Why is water an important resource? What threatens our supplies of freshwater, and how can we protect these supplies? What threatens our supplies of freshwater, and how can we protect these supplies? What are some problems caused by air pollution? What are some problems caused by air pollution? Section 2 Water and Air

7. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON People, Places, and Change HOLT 7 Water Life cannot exist without water. Life cannot exist without water. Section 2 Water and Air

8. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON People, Places, and Change HOLT 8 Our freshwater supply is threatened by: Pollution Pollution Lack of closed sewer systems in some countries Lack of closed sewer systems in some countries Chemical fertilizers and pesticides Chemical fertilizers and pesticides Industrial waste Industrial waste Section 2 Water and Air Water conservation and closed sewer systems help protect our freshwater supply.

9. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON People, Places, and Change HOLT 9 Air pollution causes: Acid rain Acid rain Smog Smog Global warming Global warming Section 2 Water and Air

10. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON People, Places, and Change HOLT 10 Objectives: What are minerals? What are minerals? What are the two types of minerals? What are the two types of minerals? Section 3 Minerals

11. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON People, Places, and Change HOLT 11 Minerals are: Nonrenewable resources Nonrenewable resources Inorganic Inorganic Naturally occurring Naturally occurring Solids in crystalline form Solids in crystalline form Have a definite chemical composition Have a definite chemical composition Section 3 Minerals

12. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON People, Places, and Change HOLT 12 Minerals Metallic minerals or metals: Metallic minerals or metals: Are shiny Are shiny Conduct heat and electricity Conduct heat and electricity Nonmetallic minerals Nonmetallic minerals Often have a dull appearance Often have a dull appearance Often are poor conductors of heat or electricity Often are poor conductors of heat or electricity Section 3 Minerals

13. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON People, Places, and Change HOLT 13 Objectives: What are the three main fossil fuels? What are the three main fossil fuels? What are the four renewable energy sources? What are the four renewable energy sources? What issues surround the use of nuclear power? What issues surround the use of nuclear power? Section 4 Energy Resources

14. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON People, Places, and Change HOLT 14 The three main fossil fuels are: Coal Coal Petroleum Petroleum Natural Gas Natural Gas Section 4 Energy Resources

15. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON People, Places, and Change HOLT 15 The four renewable energy sources are: Water—hydroelectric power Water—hydroelectric power Wind Wind Geothermal energy Geothermal energy The Sun—solar energy The Sun—solar energy Section 4 Energy Resources

16. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON People, Places, and Change HOLT 16 Nuclear power issues Potential for lethal nuclear accidents Potential for lethal nuclear accidents Storage and transportation of highly dangerous waste Storage and transportation of highly dangerous waste Section 4 Energy Resources