Limiting and Excess Lab How much do I have left over? How much can be produced?

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide __C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+__Na 2 CO 3  __Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+_H 2 O(l) + __CO 2 (g)

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide __C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+__Na 2 CO 3  __Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+_H 2 O(l) + __CO 2 (g) 2Na 3Na

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide __C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  __Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+_H 2 O(l) + __CO 2 (g) 6Na 3Na

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide __C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+_H 2 O(l) + __CO 2 (g) 6Na 6Na

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide __C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+_H 2 O(l) + __CO 2 (g) 6Na 6Na 6 C 3 C 12C 1C

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+_H 2 O(l) + __CO 2 (g) 6Na 6Na 6 C 3 C 12C 1C

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+_H 2 O(l) + __CO 2 (g) 6Na 6Na 6 C 3 C 12C 1C 12C 3 C 12C 1C

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+_H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) 6Na 6Na 6 C 3 C 12C 1C 12C 3 C 12C 1C 12C 3 C 12C 3C

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+_H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) 6Na 6Na 6 C 3 C 12C 1C 12C 3 C 12C 1C 12C 3 C 12C 3C 16 H 10H 2H

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) 6Na 6Na 6 C 3 C 12C 1C 12C 3 C 12C 1C 12C 3 C 12C 3C 16 H 10H 2H 10H 6H 14O 9O 14O 3O 6O

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) 6Na 6Na 6 C 3 C 12C 1C 12C 3 C 12C 1C 12C 3 C 12C 3C 16 H 10H 2H 10H 6H 14O 9O 14O 3O 6O Balanced

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g)

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Method:

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Method: Find mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Method: Find mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water = 63.34g Find mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water + citric acid =69.16 g

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Method: Find mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water = 63.34g Find mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water + citric acid =69.16g

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Method: Find mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water = 63.34g Find mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water + citric acid =69.16g Find mass of plastic cup + sodium carbonate =18.25g

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Method: Find mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water = 63.34g Find mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water + citric acid =69.16g Find mass of plastic cup + sodium carbonate =18.25g Add sodium carbonate to the styrofoam cup + 60ml water + citric Acid CO 2

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Method: Find mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water = 63.34g Find mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water + citric acid =69.16g Find mass of plastic cup + sodium carbonate =18.25g Add sodium carbonate to the styrofoam cup + 60ml water + citric Acid Find mass of plastic cup and any sodium carbonate left in cup =15.86g CO 2

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Method: Find mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water = 63.34g Find mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water + citric acid =69.16g Find mass of plastic cup + sodium carbonate =18.25g Add sodium carbonate to the styrofoam cup + 60ml water + citric Acid Find mass of plastic cup and any sodium carbonate left in cup =15.86g Find mass of styrofoam cup + 60 ml water + reaction mixture after fizzing =70.49g CO 2

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Results: The following table can be used to determine the which reaction is in excess and how much is in excess. mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water = 63.34g mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water + citric acid =69.16g mass of plastic cup + sodium carbonate =18.25g mass of plastic cup and any sodium carbonate left in cup =15.86g mass of styrofoam cup + 60 ml water + reaction mixture after fizzing =70.49g

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Results: The following table can be used to determine the which reaction is in excess and how much is in excess. mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water = 63.34g mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water + citric acid =69.16g mass of plastic cup + sodium carbonate =18.25g mass of plastic cup and any sodium carbonate left in cup =15.86g mass of styrofoam cup + 60 ml water + reaction mixture after fizzing =70.49g Determine mass of citric acid used:

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Results: The following table can be used to determine the which reaction is in excess and how much is in excess. mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water = 63.34g mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water + citric acid =69.16g mass of plastic cup + sodium carbonate =18.25g mass of plastic cup and any sodium carbonate left in cup =15.86g mass of styrofoam cup + 60 ml water + reaction mixture after fizzing =70.49g Determine mass of citric acid used: 69.16g – 63.34g = 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Results: The following table can be used to determine the which reaction is in excess and how much is in excess. mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water = 63.34g mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water + citric acid =69.16g mass of plastic cup + sodium carbonate =18.25g mass of plastic cup and any sodium carbonate left in cup =15.86g mass of styrofoam cup + 60 ml water + reaction mixture after fizzing =70.49g Determine mass of citric acid used: 69.16g – 63.34g = 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 Determine mass of sodium carbonate used:

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Results: The following table can be used to determine the which reaction is in excess and how much is in excess. mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water = 63.34g mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water + citric acid =69.16g mass of plastic cup + sodium carbonate =18.25g mass of plastic cup and any sodium carbonate left in cup =15.86g mass of styrofoam cup + 60 ml water + reaction mixture after fizzing =70.49g Determine mass of citric acid used: 69.16g – 63.34g = 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 Determine mass of sodium carbonate used:18.25g -15.86g = 2.39g Na 2 CO 3

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Determine mass of citric acid used: 69.16g – 63.34g = 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 Determine mass of sodium carbonate used:18.25g -15.86g = 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 Determine the mass of sodium carbonate needed to react with 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Determine mass of citric acid used: 69.16g – 63.34g = 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 Determine mass of sodium carbonate used:18.25g -15.86g = 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 Determine the mass of sodium carbonate needed to react with 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 ( 1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 3 Na 2 CO 3 ) (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) 4.82g Na 2 CO 3 ( 192.0g C 6 H 8 O 7 )( 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 ) (1mole Na 2 CO 3 ) Have

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Determine mass of citric acid used: 69.16g – 63.34g = 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 Determine mass of sodium carbonate used:18.25g -15.86g = 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 Determine the mass of sodium carbonate needed to react with 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 ( 1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 3 Na 2 CO 3 ) (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) 4.82g Na 2 CO 3 ( 192.0g C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 ) (1mole Na 2 CO 3 ) Have

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Determine mass of citric acid used: 69.16g – 63.34g = 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 Determine mass of sodium carbonate used:18.25g -15.86g = 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 Determine the mass of sodium carbonate needed to react with 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 ( 1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 3 Na 2 CO 3 ) (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) 4.82g Na 2 CO 3 ( 192.0g C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 ) (1mole Na 2 CO 3 ) Needed Have

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Determine mass of citric acid used: 69.16g – 63.34g = 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 Determine mass of sodium carbonate used:18.25g -15.86g = 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 Determine the mass of sodium carbonate needed to react with 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 ( 1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 3 Na 2 CO 3 ) (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) 4.82g Na 2 CO 3 ( 192.0g C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 ) (1mole Na 2 CO 3 ) Needed Determine the mass of citric acid needed to react with 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 (1moleNa 2 CO 3 ) (2 C 6 H 8 O 7 )(192g C 6 H 8 O 7 ) =2.84g C 6 H 8 O 7 Have (106g Na 2 CO 3 )(3Na 2 CO 3 )(1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) Have

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Determine mass of citric acid used: 69.16g – 63.34g = 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 Determine mass of sodium carbonate used:18.25g -15.86g = 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 Determine the mass of sodium carbonate needed to react with 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 ( 1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 3 Na 2 CO 3 ) (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) 4.82g Na 2 CO 3 ( 192.0g C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 ) (1mole Na 2 CO 3 ) Needed Determine the mass of citric acid needed to react with 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 (1moleNa 2 CO 3 ) (2 C 6 H 8 O 7 )(192g C 6 H 8 O 7 ) =2.84g C 6 H 8 O 7 Have (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) (3Na 2 CO 3 )(1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) Have

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Determine mass of citric acid used: 69.16g – 63.34g = 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 Determine mass of sodium carbonate used:18.25g -15.86g = 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 Determine the mass of sodium carbonate needed to react with 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 ( 1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 3 Na 2 CO 3 ) (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) 4.82g Na 2 CO 3 ( 192.0g C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 ) (1mole Na 2 CO 3 ) Needed Determine the mass of citric acid needed to react with 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 (1moleNa 2 CO 3 ) (2 C 6 H 8 O 7 ) (192g C 6 H 8 O 7 ) =2.84g C 6 H 8 O 7 Have (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) (3Na 2 CO 3 ) (1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) Have

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Determine mass of citric acid used: 69.16g – 63.34g = 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 Determine mass of sodium carbonate used:18.25g -15.86g = 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 Determine the mass of sodium carbonate needed to react with 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 ( 1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 3 Na 2 CO 3 ) (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) 4.82g Na 2 CO 3 ( 192.0g C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 ) (1mole Na 2 CO 3 ) Needed Determine the mass of citric acid needed to react with 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 (1moleNa 2 CO 3 ) (2 C 6 H 8 O 7 ) (192g C 6 H 8 O 7 ) =2.84g C 6 H 8 O 7 Have (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) (3Na 2 CO 3 ) (1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) Needed Have

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 ( 1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 3 Na 2 CO 3 ) (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) 4.82g Na 2 CO 3 ( 192.0g C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 ) (1mole Na 2 CO 3 ) Needed Determine the mass of citric acid needed to react with 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 (1moleNa 2 CO 3 ) (2 C 6 H 8 O 7 ) (192g C 6 H 8 O 7 ) =2.84g C 6 H 8 O 7 Have (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) (3Na 2 CO 3 ) (1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) Needed How many grams are in excess and why? Have

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 ( 1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 3 Na 2 CO 3 ) (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) 4.82g Na 2 CO 3 Have ( 192.0g C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 ) (1mole Na 2 CO 3 ) Needed Determine the mass of citric acid needed to react with 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 (1moleNa 2 CO 3 ) (2 C 6 H 8 O 7 ) (192g C 6 H 8 O 7 ) =2.84g C 6 H 8 O 7 Have (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) (3Na 2 CO 3 ) (1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) Needed How many grams are in excess and why? Since you have 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 and only need 2.84g C 6 H 8 O 7 then 5.82 g – 2.84g = 2.93 g C 6 H 8 O 7 are in excess

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 ( 1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 3 Na 2 CO 3 ) (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) 4.82g Na 2 CO 3 Have ( 192.0g C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 ) (1mole Na 2 CO 3 ) Needed Determine the mass of citric acid needed to react with 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 (1moleNa 2 CO 3 ) (2 C 6 H 8 O 7 ) (192g C 6 H 8 O 7 ) =2.84g C 6 H 8 O 7 Have (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) (3Na 2 CO 3 ) (1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) Needed How many grams are in excess and why? Since you have 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 and only need 2.84g C 6 H 8 O 7 then 5.82 g – 2.84g = 2.93 g C 6 H 8 O 7 are in excess or is left over

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 ( 1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 3 Na 2 CO 3 ) (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) 4.82g Na 2 CO 3 Have ( 192.0g C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 ) (1mole Na 2 CO 3 ) Needed Determine the mass of citric acid needed to react with 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 (1moleNa 2 CO 3 ) (2 C 6 H 8 O 7 ) (192g C 6 H 8 O 7 ) =2.84g C 6 H 8 O 7 Have (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) (3Na 2 CO 3 ) (1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) Needed What is the limiting reactant and why? Since 2.39 g Na 2 CO 3 react and 4.82g Na 2 CO 3 are needed it would have been used up in the reaction and would be considered to be the limiting reactant.

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) 5.82g C 6 H 8 O 7 ( 1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 3 Na 2 CO 3 ) (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) 4.82g Na 2 CO 3 Have ( 192.0g C 6 H 8 O 7 ) ( 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 ) (1mole Na 2 CO 3 ) Needed Determine the mass of citric acid needed to react with 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 (1moleNa 2 CO 3 ) (2 C 6 H 8 O 7 ) (192g C 6 H 8 O 7 ) =2.84g C 6 H 8 O 7 Have (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) (3Na 2 CO 3 ) (1mole C 6 H 8 O 7 ) Needed What is the limiting reactant and why? Since you have 2.39 g Na 2 CO 3 and 4.82g Na 2 CO 3 was needed it would have been used up in the reaction and would be considered to be the limiting reactant.

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) How many grams of CO 2 should be produced?

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) How many grams of CO 2 should be produced? 2.39g Na 2 CO 3 (1moleNa 2 CO 3 ) (3 CO 2 ) (44.0 g CO 2 ) =1.00g CO 2 Limiting (106g Na 2 CO 3 ) (3Na 2 CO 3 ) (1mole CO 2 ) Produced Reactant

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Results: The following table can be used to determine the which reaction is in excess and how much is in excess. mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water = 63.34g mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water + citric acid =69.16g mass of plastic cup + sodium carbonate =18.25g mass of plastic cup and any sodium carbonate left in cup =15.86g mass of styrofoam cup + 60 ml water + reaction mixture after fizzing =70.49g How many grams of carbon dioxide where produced? [(mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml water + citric acid ) + (mass of plastic cup + sodium carbonate – mass of plastic cup )] -

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Results: The following table can be used to determine the which reaction is in excess and how much is in excess. mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water = 63.34g mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water + citric acid =69.16g mass of plastic cup + sodium carbonate =18.25g mass of plastic cup and any sodium carbonate left in cup =15.86g mass of styrofoam cup + 60 ml water + reaction mixture after fizzing =70.49g How many grams of carbon dioxide where produced? [mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml water + citric acid ) + (mass of plastic cup + sodium carbonate – mass of plastic cup )] – [mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml water + reaction mixture after fizzing]=gCO 2 [69.16g + (18.25g-15.86g)]-[70.49g]=1.06 g CO 2 (g) was produced

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Results: The following table can be used to determine the which reaction is in excess and how much is in excess. mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water = 63.34g mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water + citric acid =69.16g mass of plastic cup + sodium carbonate =18.25g mass of plastic cup and any sodium carbonate left in cup =15.86g mass of styrofoam cup + 60 ml water + reaction mixture after fizzing =70.49g How many grams of carbon dioxide where produced? [mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml water + citric acid ) + (mass of plastic cup + sodium carbonate – mass of plastic cup )] – [mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml water + reaction mixture after fizzing]=gCO 2 [69.16g + (18.25g-15.86g)] - [70.49g]=1.06 g CO 2 (g) was produced

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) Results: The following table can be used to determine the which reaction is in excess and how much is in excess. mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water = 63.34g mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml of water + citric acid =69.16g mass of plastic cup + sodium carbonate =18.25g mass of plastic cup and any sodium carbonate left in cup =15.86g mass of styrofoam cup + 60 ml water + reaction mixture after fizzing =70.49g How many grams of carbon dioxide where produced? [mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml water + citric acid ) + (mass of plastic cup + sodium carbonate – mass of plastic cup )] – [mass of styrofoam cup + 60ml water + reaction mixture after fizzing]=gCO 2 [69.16g + (18.25g-15.86g)] - [70.49g] = 1.06 g CO 2 (g) was produced

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) What is the percent yield of carbon dioxide given that 1.06g of CO 2 were produced and 1.00g of CO 2 should have been produced?

Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate Reaction citric Acid + sodium carbonate yields sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxide 2 C 6 H 8 O 7 (aq)+ 3 Na 2 CO 3  2 Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 (aq)+ 3 H 2 O(l) + 3 CO 2 (g) What is the percent yield of carbon dioxide given that 1.06g of CO 2 were produced and 1.00g of CO 2 should have been produced? Percent yield = experimental yield x 100 = 1.06g x 100 = 106 % theoretical yield 1.00g

Limiting and Excess Lab How much do I have left over? How much can be produced?

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Limiting and Excess Lab How much do I have left over? How much can be produced?

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