1. Advanced LABVIEW
EE 2303

2. Overview Of Presentation
Introduction to Probability
Keywords in Probability
Sample Problems in Probability
Overview of Experiment
Summary

3. What is Probability???
Probability is a measure of “how likely an event is to happen”.
Mathematical Expression:
Number of Favorable outcomes
Total Number of possible outcomes

4. Example Tossing a coin: Probability of getting an HEAD= ½
Probability of getting a TAIL=1/2

5. KEYWORDS IN PROBABILITY
An experiment is any process that generates well-defined outcomes.
The sample space for an experiment is the set of all experimental outcomes.
An “Event” is an element of the sample space, any one particular outcome.

6. Tossing a Die Events: Sample space: S ={1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} S 1 2 5 6 3
Some graphic screen captures from Seeing Statistics ®
Some images © 2001-(current year)

7. FACTS ABOUT PROBABILITY
Permissible values for Probability: 0- 1
Probability of an Impossible Event = 0
Probability of Sure Event = 1
Probability of Event not happening
= 1 – probability (event happening)
Probability (“Event happening at least once)
= 1- probability ( event not happening)

8. Sample Problems Experiment: Rolling a die
Sample Space: S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
Probabilities: Each Event has a 1/6 chance of occurring.

9. Example
Toss a fair coin twice. What is the probability of observing at least one head? HH HT TH TT
ANSWER : Probability (at least 1 head) = 3/4
Some graphic screen captures from Seeing Statistics ®
Some images © 2001-(current year)

10. Hints for Pre lab….
When experiment is performed “n times”… (Probability of event happening)n..
[note: for event to occur successively]
Probability of Event not happening
= 1 – probability (event happening)
Probability of Event happening at least once = 1- prob (event not happening)

11. Working in the Diagram Draw a For Loop Draw a Case structure
Functions  Structures  For Loop
Draw a Case structure
Functions  Structures  Case

12. Adding More to Diagram Add a shift register Add 2 addition boxes
Operate Value tool
Right Click on edge of For Loop
Select Add Register
Add 2 addition boxes
Add division box

13. Adding More to Diagram Add Random Number Add Round to Nearest
Functions  Numeric  Random (0-1)
Add Round to Nearest
Functions  Numeric  Round to Nearest

14. Adding More to Diagram Add Equal box Add Wait box
Functions  Comparison  Equal?
Add Wait box
Functions  Time & Delay  Wait (ms)

15. Need Some Constants Add constant of value 100 to Wait (ms)
Add constants of value 1 to
Both additions
Shift Register
Add constant of value 0
Equal box

16. Need Some Wire Wire the circuit up as shown Change the case to “True”
Wire the tunnels through the Case structure
Of “True” case

17. Run the Simulation Return to Front Panel Change to Operate Value Tool
Choose a number of trials
“Run simulation once”

18. Summary
Probability…
Overview of Experiment..
Hints to Pre lab…