1. NEW APPROACH FOR UNDERFLOOR HEATING WITH THE USAGE OF PHASE CHANGING MATERIALS Herman Yuval (Israel) Sorrentino Elisa (Italy) Mordechai Lihen (Israel ) ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2-6 March 2013

2. Why improve energy consumption in buildings ? Consumes about 40% of the world’s energy. Are responsible for 50% of the CO 2 emissions. 2 ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2-6 March 2013

3. 3 ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2-6 March 2013 Infra - red under-floor heating Figure 1: energy use for heating

4. Radiant under-floor heating advantages 4 ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2-6 March 2013 - Heating uniformity - Energy consumption reduces by 20 - 40% - Heat as sunrays -in term of health Figure 2: Comparison between conventional and radiant heating

5. Comparison of Radiant Heat Technologies 5

6. Disadvantages of the best existing under-floor heating systems Energy consumption remains high Heating system coverage of the floor is only up to 30% Heating uniformity is relatively bad Safety issues (may develop flames) 6 ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2-6 March 2013

7. Our Goals To improve energy efficiency To reduce the electricity bill 7 To improve the thermal comfort ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2-6 March 2013

8. Our idea - PCM floor Figure3: Structure of the new floor PCM Floor Heating Mat Insulation material Floor Slab 8

9. What are PCMs? 9 Figure 4: Pcms action Figure 5: Pcms melting point graph

10. Why use Paraffin as our PCM? 10 Melting point: 18-22°C Heating fusion: 172 kj/kg Cost : 2.5- 3.5 $/Kg Figure 6: paraffin PCM

11. Heating Estimations Calculations for 1m 2 of the floor 11 BASF ‘s Micronal P.C.M panel L= 330 kJ/m 2 P = 100W = 0.1KJ/s S= 1 m 2 L= latent heat capacity P= thermal power S= area t= time Q= thermal energy ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2-6 March 2013

12. Using Electricity differential tariff for our on the system benefit 23:00 to 6:00 – 0.7×normal tariff 12 ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2-6 March 2013 The PCM floor allows to switch the system on only during night time figure 7: Israel tariff

13. Heating Estimations Calculations for 1m 2 of the floor Amount of the PCMCan gain energy for: Existing Micronal panel with 15% of PCM 1h1h Our P.C.M floor with 90% of PCM 6h6h 13 ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2-6 March 2013

14. Cooling of the floor 14 ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2-6 March 2013 Cooling time: 18 h Cooling power: P= Q/t p= 33.3 W/m 2 Figure 8: Heating loss from a house

15. Advantages of new heater Energy saving – till 15% Floor temperature close to the room temperature High covered area - till 90% Long life time High safety 15 Figure 9: New approach for heating systems

16. 16 We improved energy efficiency by using a new heating system that prevents energy lost by covering more surface. We reduced the electricity bill by switching the system on for only 7 hours in cheapest time. We improved the thermal comfort by providing a heating uniformity inside the room through the whole day. ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2-6 March 2013 CONCLUSION

17. How we see the future of PCM usage? Heating panels with high Latent Heat Panel weight reducing High surface area of heating elements Walls with PCM material Roof with PCM material Wind or solar panels provide electricity 17 ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2-6 March 2013

18. References http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/on-the-horizon-building-with-p-124682 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_7 http://www.micronal.de/portal/basf/ien/dt.jsp?setCursor=1_290798 http://www.lowex.info/projekte/Importe/projekt08/Techn%20data%20PCM%20SmartBoard %20E.pdf http://www.lowex.info/projekte/Importe/projekt08/Techn%20data%20PCM%20SmartBoard %20E.pdf http://www.lowex.info/projekte/Importe/projekt08/FL_SmartBoard_e.pdf http://www.cmsl.co.nz/assets/sm/5720/61/1635AliceHarland.pdf 18 ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2-6 March 2013

19. 19 For every one who helped us during these past few months, days and hours. To Naama, our advisors, Eli, the judges and everyone else we forgot…

20. Ribbons versus Wires Carpet Faster warming Energy saving Cheap insulation layer Uniform heat 20 ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2-6 March 2013 Normal tariff in UK 17, 85 kw/h Night tariff 0,7*17,85=12.49 kw/h

21. Calculations for the PCM floor taken from Micronal’s PCM panel Characteristics of the Micronal panel: Thickness: 15 mm Width: 1250 mm Length: 2000 mm Weight: 11,5 kg/m² Operating temp. 23°C or 26°C Latent heat capacity : 330 kJ/m² Specific heat capacity: 1.20 kJ/kg K Heat conductivity: 0.134 W/m K 21 ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2-6 March 2013