1. Research at SMI J. Marton for the Stefan Meyer Institute (SMI)
Austrian Academy of Sciences
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

2. Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009
Overview
SMI - short look back
Antiproton Physics at CERN-AD
Antikaon- nucleon and – nucleus interaction
Kaonic atoms
Kaonic hydrogen and deuterium at DAΦNE/LNF
Kaonic helium-3 at J-PARC (E17)
Exotic bound systems with Strangeness
Search for pp dibaryon S=-1 (K-pp) at FOPI
AMADEUS at LNF
E15 at J-PARC
VIP – Testing the Pauli Principle for electrons
SMI and FP7 Hadronphysics
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

3. Stefan Meyer Institute - short history
P. Kienle, Director of "Institute for Medium Energy Physics“ (founded 1987)
2004: Renamed to Stefan Meyer Institute (SMI), Director E. Widmann
Stefan Meyer first director of the „Institut für Radiumforschung“
Founded 1910
1st institute of Austrian Academy
Pioneer in radioactivity research
2 nobel laureates (V. Hess, G. Hevesy)
1910
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

4. Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009
Exotic Atoms
Exotic atoms represent a bridge between
atomic physics and nuclear/particle physics
… and an unique laboratory
precision experiments
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

5. Fundamental symmetry and interaction studies with exotic atoms
Hadronic atoms
(pionic, kaonic, antiprotonic atoms)
highly excited states (optical transitions)
pbar-He (atomcule)
spectroscopy, with QED  pbar properties, CPT
low-lying states (xray transitions)
Strong interaction at low-energy (inaccessible in scattering experiments)
shift and broadening
by strong interaction
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

6. Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009
Research Areas
Matter-antimatter asymmetry: CERN
Antikaon-nucleon interaction: kaonic atoms and nuclei
Antiprotons at FAIR
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

7. Research characteristics
ASACUSA at CERN-AD
SIDDHARTA , AMADEUS at LN Frascati
FOPI at GSI
PANDA , AIC, FLAIR at FAIR
E15, E17 at J-PARC
Austrian research in subatomic physics requires
international accelerator facilities and collaborations
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

8. Antiproton Physics at CERN-AD ASACUSA
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

9. Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009
Antiprotonic helium
Hyperfine structure
Precision microwave spectroscopy
antiproton magnetic moment, QED/CPT test
Laser spectroscopy
antiproton mass & charge  QED/CPT test
2-photon spectroscopy to increase precision
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

10. Antihydrogen ground-state hyperfine structure
complementary to 1S-2S laser spectroscopy (ALPHA, ATRAP)
spin-spin interaction
direct CPT test
measured in hydrogen to 10−12
atomic beam method (Rabi)
no trapping, 100 K temperature is o.k.
new recombination schemes needed
point source
straight sextupoles, 4T pole field:
efficiency ~10−4
CPT test by comparison of hfs H vs. H
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

11. Antikaon-nucleon Interaction
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

12. Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009
Kaonic Atom „puzzles“
Kaonic hydrogen
Kaonic helium (4He)
repulsive Δε1s attractive 
DEAR/SIDDHARTA: K− p, K− d, K-4He at LNF (running)
K− 4He (solved) and K− 3He at J-PARC (scheduled)
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

13. Low-energy antikaon- nucleon interaction
The low-energy kaon-nucleon interaction is neither simple nor well understood.
Problems arise from the existence of resonances like the famous Λ*(1405) in the s wave (one pole/two pole structure?)
In general the development of reliable theories suffers from the lack of precision data on the observables (e.g. shift/width of kaonic atoms)
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

14. Low energy kaon-nucleon interaction
K-p threshold data
Sources of information on the s-wave interaction
put constraints on theory:
Kaon-proton scattering data (old data, large errors)
πΣ mass spectrum
Threshold inelastic decay ratios
X-ray data of kaonic atoms (e.g. K-p, K-d)
Reliable theory has to cope these informations
Most simple systems K-p, K-d (K-3,4He)
"kaonic hydrogen puzzle" solved (sign of strong interaction is negative, i.e. repulsive at threshold )
New precision experiments running/upcoming
LNF,
Precision - challenge for experiments
Challenge for theory (extraction of scattering lengths,
K-N sigma term)
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

15. SIDDHARTA Collaboration
SIlicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research by Timing Applications
LNF- INFN, Frascati, Italy ● Stefan Meyer Institute, Vienna, Austria ● Politecnico, Milano, Italy ● MPE, Garching, Germany ● PNSensors, Munich, Germany ● IFIN – HH, Bucharest, Romania ● Univ. Victoria, Canada ● RIKEN, Japan
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

16. X-ray experiments: Breakthrough with new technology
Silicon Drift Detectors with large active area
active area  100 mm2
2 different types:
SDD with external FET
(commercial product, KETEK)
system studied: K-4He (E570/KEK)
SDD with on chip integrated FET
 SIDDHARTA (JRA10/EU-FP6)
systems to be studied:K-p, K-d ….
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

17. SDDs for exotic atom research
Timing capability, excellent energy resolution superior to Si(Li)
LNF
Large area SDD
with 1 cm2 active area
Large area SDD (SIDDHARTA)
with 1 cm2 active area
3 SDDs on 1 chip, on-chip FET
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

18. Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009
SIDDHARTA
SMI: Cryogenic target, SDD system, mechanics, cooling, vacuum …
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

19. DAΦNE e+e- Collider at LNF
 Ideal machine
for kaonic atom research:
Source of nearly mono-energetic kaons from Φ decay (E~16MeV)
Back-to-back emitted kaon pairs (~50% b.r.)
Strongly increased luminosity with new
technique (Crab-waist) obtained recently
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

20. Experiments at J-PARC Tokai/Japan
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

21. Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009
Hadron Hall
Hadron Hall
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

22. Kaonic 3He x-Ray Spectroscopy
Day-1 experiment at J-PARC (E17)
SDDs
Cryogenic 3He target (1.3 K)
Similar arrangement like E570 (K-4He at KEK) but smaller target.
Stopped K-, n-situ calibration, fiducial cut, preamplifiers operated in vacuum
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

23. Kaon-Nucleon Interaction: Kaonic Nuclei
Proposed by Yamazaki & Akaishi
FOPI: K− pp: search for lightest state
J-PARC E15: alternate production method “in-flight”)
future possibilities
LNF
Search for antiproton-induced production at AD/FLAIR
FOPI (4π)
Λ reconstruction
missing mass and invariant mass
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

24. SMI and FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research)
FAIR Start event on November 7, 2007
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

25. Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009
Site
Projects @ FAIR with SMI participation
FLAIR
PANDA
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

26. Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009
Antiprotons at FAIR
High Energy
Storage Ring for
Anti-protons
(HESR): 1.5 –15 GeV/c
SIS 100 / 300
HESR
pbar production
Capture and
accumulation
pbar program
in CDR
FLAIR CR
New low-energy
facility
NESR
deceleration
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

27. Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009
HESR and PANDA
SMI participates in R&D
Internal target
Vacuum in target region
Cherenkov detectors
PANDA Grid
Cluster jet target
Target
DIRC (PID)
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

28. Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009
FLAIR
Facility for Low-energy Antiproton and Ion Research
Next generation facility beyond
CERN-AD
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

29. Low Energy Antiproton Physics at FLAIR
E.Widmann CAMOP, Plans for a Next-Generation Low-Energy Antiproton Facility , Physica Scripta 72 (2005) C51-C56
Spectroscopy for tests of CPT and QED
Antiprotonic atoms (pbar-He, pbar-p), antihydrogen
Atomic collisions
Sub-femtosecond correlated dynamics: ionization, energy loss, antimatter-matter collisions
Antiprotons as hadronic probes
X-rays of light antiprotonic atoms: low-energy QCD
X-rays of neutron-rich nuclei: nuclear structure (halo)
Antineutron interaction
Strangeness –2 production
Medical applications: tumor therapy
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

30. VIP Pauli Principle test for electrons
Experiment at LN Gran Sasso
Search for forbidden x-ray transitions in Cu with CCDs
Improvement of PEP violation limit to 10-30
Experimental method
8.04 keV in Cu
~ 7.7 keV in Cu
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

31. SMI participation in FP7 Hadronphysics2
RTD Activities
WP19: FutureJets
WP24: JointGEM
(spokesperson:J. Zmeskal/SMI)
WP28: SiPMs
Networks
WP9: LEANNIS
(spokesperson: J. Marton/SMI)
LEANNIS
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

32. International Network LEANNIS in FP7 HadronPhysics2
12 participating institutions from
5 EU countries: Austria, Finland
Germany, Italy, Poland,
Associated country: Japan
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

33. Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009
Objectives
LEANNIS
• Precise determination of the isospin dependent antikaon-nucleon scattering lengths using kaonic atom X-ray spectroscopy with new technlogy followed by theoretical extraction and interpretation. • Precision X-ray spectroscopy of kaonic atoms with light nuclei, such as 3He and 4He for determination of the antikaon-nucleus interaction including its theoretical interpretation. • Further developments and applications of theoretical methods: chiral perturbation theory, effective field theory with strangeness, chiral SU(3) dynamics with coupled channels, antikaon-nuclear few-body theory; comparisons with data from high-precision experiments. • Search for deeply bound antikaonic nuclear states using various reactions and fully exclusive determination of the reaction and decay products.
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

34. Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009
EXA Conferences
International Conference Series in Vienna
Exotic Atoms and Related Topics 2002/2005/2008
80 participants
120 participants
180 participants (incl. LEAP)
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

35. Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009
Thank you for your attention
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

36. Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009
SPARE
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

37. SMI Personnel Ordinary budget third party funding
8 scientist position (one shared by 2 Ph.D.)
4 technicians, 1 secretary
2,5 Ph.D., 1 MS
third party funding
2 PD (EU, FWF)
2 Ph.D. (FWF, Egyptian Government)
undergraduate students
TU Wien: Projektarbeit
summer students, „Innovationspraktika“ (high school)

38. SMI Funding ÖAW - Ordinarium EU FP6 & FP7
bm_wf additional funding if rate below max.
FWF - funds projects, no international collaborations; exception
common program with Japan (successful), Russia (successful)
bm_wf: collaborative costs
no large investments (e.g. DE: Verbundforschung)

39. New idea in nuclear physics with antiprotons
Kaons produced with antiproton
annihilation at rest (AD, FLAIR)
– search for double-kaon bound nuclear systems
J. Zmeskal, Proc. EXA/LEAP 2008, to be published in Hyp. Interact.
Proposed by P.Kienle (*), T.Yamazaki and W.Weise (**) (*) Int. Jour. Mod. Phys. A 22 (2007)365 (**) arXiv:nucl-th/ v1 (2005)
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

40. X-ray data of kaonic hydrogen: present status
KpX solved the so-called "kaonic hydrogen puzzle"  the interaction is repulsive
Precision limited (e.g. error bar of width > 50%)
Most precise values for sift and width from DEAR experiment
But still precision limited
shift vs. width (1 σ errors) see below
DEAR (2005)
1s = ± 37 (stat.) ± 6 (syst.) eV
1s = ± 111 (stat.) ± 30 (syst.) eV
aK-p = ( ± ± 0.015) +
i(0.302 ±0.135± 0.036) fm
KpX (1998)
1s = ± 63 (stat.) ± 11 (syst.) eV
1s = ± 208 (stat.) ± 100 (syst.) eV
aK-p = (-0.78 ± 0.15 ± 0.03) +
i(0.49 ±0.25± 0.12) fm
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009

41. Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009
J-PARC
LINAC
April/11/2008
K1.8
RCS (3GeV)
K1.8BR
Kaon
beam
Primary
Proton
50GeV -PS
Hadron Hall
Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009