1. LANDSCAPE WALLS

2. Raised bed Prevent erosion

3. LANDSCAPE WALLS Level planting areas

4. LANDSCAPE WALLS Limit to 4’ high Course: row of material along the wall

5. WALL LAYOUT Locate the front of the wall and stake Offset stakes to allow room to work

6. BASE PREPARATION Base is ¾” to 1” crushed stone –6” deep –12” wider than wall Vibratory plate

7. BASE PREPARATION The first course will be below grade to improve stability

8. BASE PREPARATION

9. DRAINAGE BEHIND WALLS Wall failure often due to water build-up Weepholes every 6 to 8 feet

10. DRAINAGE BEHIND WALLS Drain tile on walls that exceed 2’ Drainage gravel around drain tile

12. DRAINAGE BEHIND WALLS

15. Drainage http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o SlUy18Vttkhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o SlUy18Vttk

16. LANDSCAPE FABRIC Fabric placed behind wall Reduce soil movement through material Optional

17. BACKFILL Backfill with soil after every couple of courses

18. STABILIZTION

23. Batter is the leaning or stepping back of a wall Stepping: 1 to 2” for each foot of wall height

24. STABILIZTION Batter is the leaning or stepping back of a wall Leaning: ¼” fall from front to back

27. STABILIZTION Anchoring Verticals: vertical timbers in front of wall

28. STABILIZTION Nope.

29. STABILIZTION Anchoring Deadman: horizontal anchors built into the hill

30. STABILIZTION Deadman

31. STABILIZTION

32. Deadman Stabilization http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M SbYdfLa15Yhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M SbYdfLa15Y

35. STABILIZTION Anchoring Geogrid: geotextile anchors, like deadman

36. DRAINAGE BEHIND WALLS

40. Geogrid http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W FJ7CnYbppghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W FJ7CnYbppg

41. STABILIZTION Terracing: short walls stepped back from each other

42. Terracing Wall

44. LANDSCAPE TIMBERS 6” x 6” or larger Treated lumber –Railroad ties treated with creosote

45. LANDSCAPE TIMBERS Vertical Construction Trench equal to the height of wall Staggered in height for interest

46. LANDSCAPE TIMBERS Vertical Construction Attach 2x6 along the back

47. LANDSCAPE TIMBERS Vertical Construction

48. LANDSCAPE TIMBERS Vertical Construction

49. LANDSCAPE TIMBERS Vertical Construction

50. LANDSCAPE TIMBERS Horizontal Construction Stacked method Vertical seams line up

51. LANDSCAPE TIMBERS Horizontal Construction Stacked method Install vertical timbers at seams

52. LANDSCAPE TIMBERS Horizontal Construction Stacked method Timbers are anchored with 12” spikes or ½” rebar

57. LANDSCAPE TIMBERS Horizontal Construction Staggered method Seams like brickwork Support with batter and spiking

58. BLOCK WALLS Pinned blocks Pins lock courses together

60. BLOCK WALLS Pinned blocks Fill spaces with stone

61. BLOCK WALLS Pinned blocks

62. BLOCK WALLS Lipped blocks Lip on bottom-back provides stability and batter Glue capstones

63. BLOCK WALLS Lipped blocks

72. BLOCK WALLS Free blocks Glue blocks together

73. BLOCK WALLS Giant blocks

74. BLOCK WALLS Giant blocks

76. DRY-LAID STONE Installed without mortar between the stones Irregular thicknesses

77. DRY-LAID STONE

81. MORTAR STONE WALL