1. Building Vocabulary from Word Roots
Lesson 6
Latin Bases
trac, tract, treat, and trud, trus

2. The Latin base trac, tract, treat means “pull, draw
The Latin base trac, tract, treat means “pull, draw.” The Latin base trud, trus means “push, thrust.” These bases attach to many Latin prefixes (abs-, ad-, con-, de-, dis-, ex-, in-, ob-, pro-, re-, sub-).

3. These Latin bases attach to many Latin prefixes:
abs- “away from”
ex- “out”
ad- “to, toward, add to”
in- “not” or “in, into, on”
con- “with, together, very”
ob- “up, against”
pro- “forward, ahead”
de- “down”
re- “back, again”
dis- “apart, in different directions”
sub- “below, under”

4. trac, tract, treat= “pull, draw”
con- (together) + tract = contract—(“draw” “together”) When muscles contract, they draw together. trac = trace—(“draw” something) When you trace a picture, you are “drawing” something. tract+ or (something that does) = tractor— (“something that” “pulls”) A tractor is a machine “pulls” “things”. re- (back) + treat= retreat—(to “draw” “back”) When troops retreat, they are “drawing” “back” to safety.

5. trud, trus = “push, thrust”
abs- (away from) + trus = abstruse—(“push” “away from”) If a topic is abstruse, you “push” “away from” it because it is difficult to understand. ex- (out) + trud = extrude—(“push” “out”) When you extrude toothpaste from the tube, you are “pushing” it “out.” pro- (forward) + trud = protrude— (something that is “thrust” “forward”) If you have a hernia, then an organ is protruding, or “thrusting” “forward”, through the abdomen wall.

6. What does it mean for a dog to trace a scent?
Consider the meaning of the bases and respond to the following questions, making sure to include the base meaning in your answer.
What does it mean for a dog to trace a scent?
What is the difference between a dog tracing a scent and simply being attracted to a scent?
What might keys look like if they are protruding from under a couch cushion?
A common ingredient in baking is vanilla extract. What does the word extract indicate about the process of making this ingredient?
Ask if this surprises you. What did you notice?

7. What does it mean for a dog to trace a scent?
The dog “draws on the scent.”
What is the difference between a dog tracing a scent and simply being attracted to a scent?
The dog “draws” from the scent rather than being “drawn” “towards” it.
What might keys look like if they are protruding from under a couch cushion?
The keys are “pushed” “out” from the couch.
A common ingredient in baking is vanilla extract. What does the word extract indicate about the process of making this ingredient?
The vanilla is “pulled” “out” of the bean.
Ask if this surprises you. What did you notice?

8. How do each of the bolded words mean “pull, draw”?
After subtracting its cost from her limited budget, she had to retract her offer to buy the expensive vanilla extract.
How do each of the bolded words mean “pull, draw”?
The uninvited intruder tripped over a protruding chair that stopped her from further intrusion.
How do each of the bolded words mean “push, thrust”?
Ask if this surprises you. What did you notice?

9. After subtracting its cost from her limited budget, she had to retract her offer to buy the expensive vanilla extract.
The cost is “pulled” from under the budget, so she had to “pull” “back” her offer, the vanilla is “pulled” “out”of the bean.
The uninvited intruder tripped over a protruding chair that stopped her from further intrusion.
The person who “pushed” themselves “into” the place, tripped over a chair that was “pushed” “forward and thus stopped further “pushing” “into” the place.
Ask if this surprises you. What did you notice?

10. Using the meaning of the base and the context provided in sentence, create a definition for the bolded word. Remember, your definition must include the correct meaning of the base and make sense. Begin by filling in the correct base definitions on the lines following the bases.
trac, tract, treat –these bases mean _______________, _________________
Companies successfully entreat customers to divulge personal information. (The prefix en- means “in.”)
Define entreat using a definition of the base ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

11. trac, tract, treat –these bases mean pull, draw
Using the meaning of the base and the context provided in sentence, create a definition for the bolded word. Remember, your definition must include the correct meaning of the base and make sense. Begin by filling in the correct base definitions on the lines following the bases.
trac, tract, treat –these bases mean pull, draw
Companies successfully entreat customers to divulge personal information. (The prefix en- means “in.”)
Define entreat using a definition of the base
The companies must “draw” customers “in” to giving personal information through some sort of persuasion because typically, people would not do that willingly give that information out to strangers.