1. The path to market success for dynamic spectrum access technology John Chapin and William Lehr

2. Why this paper?  Not technical in particular  A general view

3. Definitions  Cooperative DSA –Only with permission of the PM  Non-cooperative DSA –Does not require permission (UWB, underlay)  Spectrum etiquette –PHY (power) –MAC (listen-before-talk)

4. Enablers  Available spectrum  Customer demand  Low transaction cost

5. Available spectrum  Market Process –Perceived risk of interference low enough –Pricing (below-equilibrium-price to start with)  Regulatory action –Enough 2 nd spectrum to start with –Shared between federal and non-federal users  Example: 5G unlicensed band is shared with military radar

6. Cont’d  Current status –FCC rulemaking –Slow in practice, chicken-egg problem –Limited # of players, limited (long-term) guarantees, investment cost –XG: military to military sharing –Unlicensed band can benefit from DSR  WLAN that does not interfere with cordless phone  WLAN that avoid microwave, bluetooth, etc.  Home-networking experience: WLAN, microwave, Bluetooth, cordless phone, sensor networks, etc.  A general view: –Smart (heterogeneous) devices work better together, with or without spectrum reforms –Current and future  XG: military to military  4G will be an integrated heterogeneous system  Integrated WiFi/WiMAX  Smart WiFi/mesh

7. Customer demand (expand)  Initial customers –Equipment vendors (WiFi access points with better agility) –Service providers (cellular)  On-demand applications –Hotels hosting a convention –Football games –Community networks  DIFFERENT QoS (not necessarily worse) –DSR vs. demand-and-control (analogy: Internet vs. telephone nw) –Different properties at different bands, e.g., DSR in VHF band for better penetration –Multimedia services for cellular (not affordable at voice price) –Best-effort service, delay-tolerance service –Or bundle with a band with guaranteed access right (e.g., cellular using extra band through DSR) –Or bundle multiple DSR bands together –If price is right!  Legacy applications –Protection, especially with multiple un-coordinated secondaries  New applications are often unforeseeable –2.4G was considered as the junk band  A lot of these issues are good research topics!

8. Costs and risks (follow the paper)  Costs: –Searching for opportunities, FCC regulations –Spectrum brokers  Cooperative DSA –Interference –Trust –Retract access rights by regulators –No guarantee for 2 nd users after demonstration of success business model  Non-cooperative DSR –Monitoring, analysis, signaling, cost of mistake –Conservative –Information registry/database: geo location, signature (waveform, pilot), time of operation

9. Industry structure  Spectrum trading –Spectrum aggregating and partitioning –Spatial, temporal, and frequency domain  Distributor type 2 as a trusted third party –Install and operate monitoring and analysis systems –Such a monitoring nw may be needed in general –Feasibility and fidelity –How many monitors, where, and how to share information

10. Notes  An interesting paper with related work  Papers from a researcher in the area  Papers from a conference/special issue  An open question/topic  focus  Update Wiki (reverse chronicle order)  First paper is the must read  Links for slides?  Similar group meeting update at wiki