1. W ORD A NALYSIS I N THE C ONTENT A REA II March 2, 2011 1

2. WORD ANALYSIS REVIEW Word Analysis What is Word Analysis ? The identification and/or decoding of a word the reader does not immediately recognize. This can include: Decoding Spelling patterns Previous vocabulary knowledge Greek and Latin root words as well as prefixes and suffixes This does not include: Copying the definition from the glossary or the dictionary Rote memorization Learning words out of context 2

3. L AST TIME … Frayer Model The Frayer Model is a graphic organizer used for word analysis and vocabulary building. This four-square model prompts students to think about and describe the meaning of a word or concept by... Defining the term, Describing its essential characteristics, Providing examples of the idea, and Offering non-examples of the idea. 3

4. F RAYER M ODEL Definition An equation is a mathematical statement that shows that two expressions are equal. Facts/Characteristics - always has exactly one equal sign - the left side is equivalent to the right side - some equations have 0, 1, 2 or more solutions - some equations contain only numbers Examples 3x – 2 = 4x + 7 (linear equation) ab = ba (an identity) F = 1.8C + 32 (a formula) 5 + 6 = 11 (a number statement) P = 2l + 2w (a formula) Non-examples 2x + 3y (expression) 3 (number) perimeter (word) x < y (inequality) = 4.2 (has no left side) EQUATION 4

5. C ONCEPT OF DEFINITION MAP Students often have a narrow conception of what the meaning of a word encompasses. Student definitions tend to be simplistic, imprecise statements lacking in elaboration and personal comment. Concept of Definition Maps Concept of Definition Maps encourages students to develop a broader definition – one that explores the qualities and components of a definition. CRISS, p. 197 5

6. Bill of Rights Constitutional Amendment What is it? What is it like? What is it like? (Properties) Comparison What are some examples? What are some examples? (Illustrations) Amendment 16 Income Tax First 10 amendments Protects individual rights Added in 1791 Freedom of religion, press, speech, etc… Right to bear arms Right to a trial by jury 6

7. W ORD STEMS Skilled reading depends on knowing words, but also on dealing effectively with new words. One independent word learning strategy is knowing word stems or morphemes (the smallest units of meaning). Morphemes can stand on their own or be a part of a word (prefixes, roots, suffixes). Affixes (prefixes and suffixes) modify the meaning of morphemes. 7

8. W ORD S TEMS Other words include: Retract Extract Protract Detract Contraction Attractive Traction Tractable Tract pull, draw, drag subtract retract abstract attract tractor contract detract distract 8

9. S INCE L AST T IME … Turn to your shoulder partner and discuss the following: What word analysis strategies have you used since November? How/when have you used these strategies? Explain how the use of these strategies has supported students in content area reading. 9

10. T ODAY We will focus our attention on four additional instructional strategies to teach word analysis skills: 1. Etymology 2. Vocabulary Organization 10

11. E TYMOLOGY AND W ORD R OOTS Etymology, the study of a word’s origins, helps students troubleshoot unfamiliar vocabulary by introducing them to common Greek and Latin roots of many words in the English language. Over 60% of the English vocabulary is created through Latin and Greek roots, prefixes, and suffixes. Over 90% of the vocabulary of the sciences and technology is created through Greek and Latin. Over 90% of English words with more than one syllable are Latin based and most of the remaining 10% are Greek based. English Language 11

12. R OOT W ORD C ARDS Root word cards allow students to explore vocabulary as part of their content area lesson and to implement new words in discussion and writing. Students can create the cards individually or in groups. A list of common roots is in the TSR, though many lists can also be found online. TSR, 127-9 12

13. R OOT W ORD C ARDS Front Back Judicial: jus, jur, jud (judge) The judicial branch judges and decides what is right and wrong according to the law. Other Words: Justice Jury Adjudicate Judge Prejudice Judicious Legislator: lex, leg (law) The legislative branch creates, brings, and votes on laws that other branches will enforce. Other Words: Legal Legalize Legitimate Legacy Legible Privilege 13

14. R OOT W ORD C ARDS Front Back Genocide: cide (kill or cut) Exterminate an entire race. Hitler was responsible for the most extreme case of genocide in history. Other Words: Suicide Definition Incise Definition Insecticide Definition ? Definition ? Definition 14

15. V OCABULARY O RGANIZATION Organizing vocabulary that students have learned allows students to recall words more quickly and completely. Vocabulary notebooks are one way to structure student learning and are an important tool that can provide students background knowledge and help them form associations among words Teaching Basic and Advanced Vocabulary, Marzano 15

16. V OCABULARY N OTEBOOKS Vocabulary notebooks are a critical tool in student word learning and provide a single place for students to record important words. They serve as a portfolio of student growth in vocabulary over time. Most vocabulary notebooks have three sections Roots and Affixes Roots Prefixes Suffixes Content-Specific Words Content-area words Academic vocabulary Student- Generated Words Student chosen words 16

17. U SING V OCABULARY N OTEBOOKS Cide - to kill or cut out (Insecticide kills common pests, but can kill beneficial insects as well.) Roots and Affixes Genocide – the systematic extermination of a race of people. (Hitler was responsible for the largest recorded genocide in history. Content- Specific Words Regicide – the deliberate killing of a monarch. (Mary Queen of Scots was a victim of regicide.) Student- generated Words 17

18. U SING V OCABULARY N OTEBOOKS Bio Definition Example Other related words Roots and Affixes Biodiversity Definition Example Other related words Content Area Words Autobiography Definition Example Other related words Student- generated Words 18

19. T HINK -P AIR -S HARE Share with a partner one thing that you have learned and how you will use it in your classroom I will ask a few random pairs to share with the group 19