1. What should states do? Enact domestic laws on human rights Establish human rights institutions Adopt and implement human rights & human rights education programs Resolve human rights issues

2. Citizen’s Plea

3. Apology 13 February 2008

4. Apology

5. Trial for Violators

7. Apology from an indicted person (Kaing Guek Eav alias Duch - 20 August 2009) (www.youtube.com/watch?v=hjp4NVGuNjU)

8. Mechanisms

9. Analysis of the Situation But the human rights situation has also been defined by the actions of people and institutions (including organizations and business companies). People are both involved in the protection and abuse of human rights.

10. Human Rights Centers These are institutions engaged in gathering and dissemination of information related to human rights. The information refers to the - international human rights instruments, - documents of the United Nations human rights bodies, -reports on human rights situations and analyses of human rights issues, - human rights programs and activities, and - other human rights-related information that are relevant to the needs of the communities. Directory of Asia-Pacific Human Rights Centers (Osaka: HURIGHTS OSAKA, 2008), page 4

11. Human Rights Centers Directory of Asia-Pacific Human Rights Centers (Osaka: HURIGHTS OSAKA, 2008)

12. Human Rights Centers Identified human rights centers in the Asia-Pacific: Government-supported - 32 (9) University-based – 98 (70) NGOs – 267 (175)

18. Japanese Human Rights Centers 1. Asia-Japan Women’s Resource Center 2. Asia-Pacific Human Rights Information Center 3. The Buraku Liberation and Human Rights Research Institute 4. Center for Documentation of Refugees, Tokyo University 5. Center for Human Rights Education and Training 6. Center for Human Rights, Kinki University 7. Center for Prisoners' Rights 8. Chiba Prefecture Human Rights Awareness Raising 9. Child Information and Research Center 10. General Research Institute on the Convention on the Rights of the Child 11. Hokkaido University Center for Ainu and Indigenous Studies 12. Human Rights Now 13. Hyogo Buraku Liberation and Human Rights Research Institute 14. Institute of Human Rights Studies, Kansai University 15. Institute of Global Concern (IGC), Sophia University 16. Institute of Social Movement 17. Kyoto Human Rights Research Institute 18. Mekong Watch 19. Research-Action Institute for the Koreans in Japan 20. Research Center for Human Rights, Osaka City University 21. Shimin Gaikou Centre 22. Tokyo Metropolitan Human Rights Promotion Center 23. Tottori Prefectural Center for the Universal Culture of Human Rights 24. Tottori City Information Center for Human Rights 25. Yokohama International Human Rights Center

19. Some Points 1.Need for reliable information (including for statistics) on human rights situation - role of human rights centers and other human rights institutions 2.Use of local conflict resolution/human rights mechanism 3.Importance of local human rights movement

20. Final Thoughts Rape of a Thai girl Conversation with a Burman Jakarta Post editorial CAP and DRIK Village Constitutions