1. Sentence Unit There are four types of sentences. Declarative sentences make statements. Declarative sentences make statements. EX: Marco Polo was born in 1254. EX: Marco Polo was born in 1254. Interrogative sentences ask questions. Interrogative sentences ask questions. EX: Did you know he was a famous EX: Did you know he was a famous world traveler to the Far East? world traveler to the Far East? Imperative sentences make commands or requests. Imperative sentences make commands or requests. EX: (You) Read his biography. Exclamatory sentences express strong feelings. Exclamatory sentences express strong feelings. EX: He had some extraordinary adventures!

2. Sentence Unit A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought. Each sentence has a simple subject and verb phrase. EX: The round walnut table with many scratches was sold. scratches was sold. EX: Many kings of Egypt built tombs for themselves. themselves.

3. Sentence Unit The simple subject is the main word(s) that tells who or what the sentence is that tells who or what the sentence is about. about. EX: The girls on the team all wore the EX: The girls on the team all wore the same color shirts. same color shirts. The subject is “girls.”

4. Sentence Unit The verb phrase is the simplest word(s) that represents what the subject “does” or “is.” There are two types of verbs: action verbs and linking verbs. Helping verbs can join either type. EX: A seventh grader won the prize. Did he answer the questions? Did he answer the questions? Go directly to the grocery store. Go directly to the grocery store. Here is the makeup work. Here is the makeup work.

5. Helping Verbs ambedoshall isbeendoesshould arehasdidwill washavecanwould werehadcouldmay beingmight must

6. Linking Verbs isamarewas werebebeingbeen lookseembecomeappear soundtastefeelremain grow

7. Sentence Unit  The football game was cancelled.  The coach was my father.  Did the quarterback make the winning play?  Tell me about the game.  There were cheerleaders on TV.

8. Sentence Unit  A compound sentence contains two or more simple sentences joined by a comma and a coordinating conjunction. EX: Chris and Anne were students of the week, and they both received free pizza coupons.  Coordinating conjunctions are: ForBut ForBut AndOr NorYet So

9. Sentence Unit  If the two simple sentences are closely related, a semi-colon can be used to join them. EX: “CSI,” “Bones,” and “House” are my favorite TV shows; my husband prefers to watch basketball and football games.

10. Sentence Unit  Complex sentences consist of a simple sentence and a dependent clause. The dependent clause starts with a subordinate conjunction and then a simple sentence. If the dependent clause is after the simple sentence, NO comma is needed. If the dependent clause is in front of the simple sentence, A COMMA IS NEEDED to separate the dependent clause from the main sentence.

11. Sentence Unit EX: We had a picnic after we played tennis. EX: After we played tennis, we had a picnic. Subordinate conjunctions are: afterprovidedwhile althoughsince asso that*don’t start a as ifthana sentence with as thoughunless“because” becauseuntil beforewhen ifwhere in order thatwhereas