1. Kathy Gaitán and Justin Johnson

3. http://www.azargrammar.com/materials/index.html

4. What is the boy going to do ? Kick the ball. He hasn’t kicked it yet. Why is it still on the ground ?

5. Review 4-1 Past participlePast participle 4-2 Present perfect with since and forPresent perfect with since and for 4-3 Negatives, questions, and short answer formsNegatives, questions, and short answer forms 4-4 Present perfect with unspecified timePresent perfect with unspecified time 4-5 Simple past vs. present perfectSimple past vs. present perfect 4-6 Present perfect progressivePresent perfect progressive 4-7 Present perfect progressive vs. present perfectPresent perfect progressive vs. present perfect 4-8 Past perfectPast perfect CONTENTS

6. I have You have She, He, It has We have They have STATEMENT: have / has + past participle been here for a week.

7. REGULAR VERBS IRREGULAR VERBS SIMPLE FORM SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE finish stop wait see make put finished stopped waited saw made put finished stopped waited seen made put past perfect tense present perfect tense

8. SIMPLE FORM SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE stop go take write stopped went took wrote stopped gone taken written

9. I had an angel fish when I was a child. I have had many other fish since then.

10. SIMPLE PAST (a) They completed the game at 4:00. PRESENT PERFECT (b) They have already completed the game. specific time unspecified time

11. SIMPLE PAST (c) I was in Nigeria when I was five years old. PRESENT PERFECT (d) I have been to Nigeria three times. specific time unspecified time

12. SIMPLE PAST (e) Jack camped in France for 9 days. PRESENT PERFECT (f) Eli has been camping for 9 days. (f) Eli has been camping since last Monday. for activity began & ended in past for / since activity began & continues

13. SPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED TIME ? We have been to Tokyo many times. OR UNSPECIFIED PRESENT PERFECT

14. SPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED TIME ? Barry has never been to Tokyo. OR UNSPECIFIED PRESENT PERFECT

15. SPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED TIME ? Gina went to Tokyo last month. OR SPECIFIEDSIMPLE PAST

16. Review 4-1 Past participlePast participle 4-2 Present perfect with since and forPresent perfect with since and for 4-3 Negatives, questions, and short answer formsNegatives, questions, and short answer forms 4-4 Present perfect with unspecified timePresent perfect with unspecified time 4-5 Simple past vs. present perfectSimple past vs. present perfect 4-6 Present perfect progressivePresent perfect progressive 4-7 Present perfect progressive vs. present perfectPresent perfect progressive vs. present perfect 4-8 Past perfectPast perfect CONTENTS

17. Who have you _____ (know) since you were in kindergarten? How many times have you ______ (go) to the bathroom today? 1-line up 2-fold the line in half 3-find a partner across from you 4-identify who is A & B 5-As ask their question, Bs respond 6-Bs ask question, As respond 7-Person at end of Line A moves to the front at signal 8-Ask and answer questions with your new partner 9-This routine encourages use of target language many times.

18. Who are they looking at ? Themselves. Theirselves. Them. Theirself. Eachother. Theirselves. Them. Theirself. Eachother.

19. http://www.azargrammar.com/materials/index.html (Under Chapter 6 Nouns and Pronouns)

20. They can see themselves in the water.

21. subject & object are same person myself(a)I can see myself in the water. yourself(b)You saw yourself. herself(c)She saw herself. himself(d)He saw himself. itself(e)It saw itself. ourselves(f)We saw ourselves. yourselves (g)You saw yourselves. themselves(h)They saw themselves.

22. by + reflexive pronoun = alone Angela is lonely when she eats out by herself. Sometimes I enjoy eating by myself.

23. enjoy (and other verbs) reflexive pronoun Angela usually enjoys herself. pinch yourselfbe proud of yourself scratch yourself help yourself blame yourself teach yourself

24. Instructions: 1 - Spin the pronoun spinner and use the reflexive pronoun cards to complete the sentence frames. 2 – Roll the dice and move accordingly.

25. Verb Tenses Adverbs of Frequency Subject Pronouns Your Choice

26. What would have happened if some people had been sitting there ? They would get mad.

27. If I had had enough time, I would have watched TV yesterday. Did I have enough time? No but… If I had had enough time If clause= past perfect (had + past participle) I would have watched TV yesterday. Result clause=would have + past participle

28. If you had told me about the problem, I would have helped you. Did you tell me about the problem ? Nope. But…. If you had told me about the problem If clause= past perfect (had + past participle) I would have helped you. Result clause=would have + past participle

29. Untrue in the Past Checking for Understanding If the weather had been good yesterday, we would have cancelled the picnic. a.Was the picnic cancelled ? _______ b.Was the weather good ? ______ Ann would have made it to class on time this morning if the bus hadn’t been late. a.Did Ann try to make it to class on time ? _____ b.Did Ann make it to class on time ? _____ c.Was the bus late ? ____

30. If_____ had ____________ (pronoun) (past participle) _____would have __________ (pronoun) (past participle)

31. Explicitly teaching the forms is important English grammar is complicated so we should be aware of it’s complexities AZAR has many grammar lessons available Level 3s and 4s plateau partly because of the persistent errors we practiced today Just teaching grammar isn’t the answer, attaching it to a purpose with instructional routines can make the language stick Here are some resources to take back to your classes Lets make it fun! Please fill out an evaluation