2.  Pre-school institutions (nurseries and kindergartens)  Primary school  Secondary school  Higher education

3.  For children aged 1 – 6  Attended by 35% of the children (116,382 children in 2009)

4.  Lasts for eight years (6 or 7 until 14 or 15)  Compulsory education  Article 65 of the Constitution states: Primary education shall be compulsory and free.  Uniform curriculum

5.  Lower level or classroom teaching (1 st to 4 th grade) – one teacher except for Foreign Language and Religious Education  Higher level or subject teaching (5 th to 8 th grade) – each subject taught by a particular teacher

6.  Not compulsory  Article 65 of the Constitution states: Secondary and higher education shall be made equally accessible to all, on the basis of capacity  Last for three or four years

7.  Grammar schools (general, language, science, classical and sports grammar schools)  Vocational schools (commercial, medical, technical, art, dance, ballet, agricultural etc.)  Industrial and craftsmanship schools (3 years)

8.  Types of school  State graduation examination  Acces to higher education

9.  Universities  Public polytechnics  Schools of professional higher education

10.  Institutions of higher education that organise and implement university studies in at least two scientific and/or artistic areas in a larger number of fields.  Universities of Zagreb, Osijek, Split, Rijeka, Pula, Dubrovnik and Zadar  Universities include components that are legal persons and are called faculties or art academies.  They carry out university study programmes and conduct research

11.  In Croatia there are: ◦ private polytechnics (e.g. Polytechnic in Velika Gorica, VERN Business College, Polytechnic for media, business and management etc.) ◦ 25 private schools of professional higher education (e.g. American College of Management and Technology, International Graduate School for Management in Zagreb, RRiF School of Financial Management, etc.)

12.  Undergraduate  Graduate  Postgraduate (doctoral study)  Exception: integrated undergraduate and graduate study (e.g. Law)

13.  The first level normally lasts for three years during which students earn 180 ECTS  A smaller number of undergraduate studies in Croatia are administered as four-year studies during which students earn 240 ECTS (e.g. Social Work)  University degree: bachelor

14.  The second level normally lasts for two years during which students earn 120 ECTS.  A smaller number of graduate studies in Croatia are administered as one-year studies in which students earn 60 ECTS.  After the completion of the studies, students receive the diploma and the academic title of master with the indication of the profession.

15.  The third level normally lasts for three years.  After its completion, students receive the diploma and the academic title of the doctor of science with the indication of the scientific or art field.  Universities autonomously regulate the usage of ECTS in postgraduate university studies.

16.  Public polytechnics and schools of professional higher education are institutions of higher education that implement professional studies.  These two types of higher education institutions differ in the scope of their curriculum: polytechnics are the institutions of higher education that organise and implement at least three different studies from at least three different scientific fields.  Their mission is to provide professional education to students, with the emphasis on practical application and they commonly include practical work.

17.  The grading system in the Republic of Croatia consists of five grades:  5 – excellent, 4 – very good, 3 – good, 2 – sufficient, 1 – insufficient. The minimum positive grade is 2 – sufficient.

19.  All children between the ages 5 and 16 in England, Scotland and Wales, and 4 and 16 in Norther Ireland, must, by law, receive full- time education  About 93% receive free education financed from public funds (state schools), and 7% attend independent schools financed by fees paid by parents

20.  Private-owned schools which charge tuition (which can be very high)  Larger and more famous private fee-paying boarding schools (such as Eton, Harrow, Rugby and Roedan) are also called public schools – they were originally founded by benefactors for families who valued education, but could not afford private tutors

21.  There are four stages:  1. Primary  2. Secondary  3. Sixth Form  4. University

23.  Age 5 – 11  Primary education starts with infant school (5-7)  This is followed by junior (or first) school (7- 11)

24.  Age 11- 16  Schools are mainly comprehensive (non- selective); a few grammar schools still exist  Comprehensive schools are divided into six forms; pre-programme  Ends with GCSE – General Certificate of Secondary Education

25.  English Language  Other modern languages including student’s native language  Maths  Sciences (either combined or separate Biology, Chemistry and Physics) and ICT  Humanities (History, Geography, Law, Psychology, Sociology etc)  Arts (Music, Drama, Art & Design)

26.  The National Curriculum in England and Wales consists of statutory subjects for 5- to 16-year-olds  All state schools must provide religious education, and all state secondary schools must provide sex education

27. ◦ English ◦ Mathematics ◦ Science ◦ Art & design ◦ Citizenship ◦ Design & Technology ◦ Geography ◦ History ◦ Information & Communication Technology (ICT) ◦ Modern Foreign Languages ◦ Music ◦ Physical Education

28.  GCSE – General Certificate of Secondary Education; taken at the age of 16  O-levels  UK students usually begin a 2-year GCSE programme at age 14, with exams that test knowledge and skills

29.  After completing a Pre-Programme (for international students) or GCSEs, students can choose from four courses:  A-level (2 years or 1 year fast-track)  International Baccalaureate (2 years only)  University Foundation (1 year fast-track)  Cambridge Pre-U (2 years only)  On completion of their Sixth Form studies, most students can progress straight to University

30.  About 70% of 16-year-old pupils continue in full- time education, studying for examinations which lead to higher education, professional training or vocational qualifications  GNVQ – the General National Vocational Qualification (today replaced by BTEC – Business and Technology Education Council - exams)  A levels – the academic General Certificate of Education Advanced level examination

31.  State-run universities (over 100)  Polytechnics  Colleges of higher education (1 or 2 year non-degree courses)  Private universities

32.  Approximately one-third of UK sixth form students progress to higher education. This means that competition for the top universities is very fierce, and a good education at sixth form is essential for ambitious students.

33.  The most prestigious, the oldest and most traditional universities  Special entrance exams  Half the students come from private schools

35.  Preschool education: nursery school or kindergarten; not obligatory, but kindergartens are often part of the public school system  Americans start school at the age of 6 (first grade)  Every year they go up a grade until they leave school at the age of 18, from twelfth grade  Schoolchildren are called students

36.  Elementary (grade school) – 1st to 6th grade  Secondary school ◦ Junior high – 7th to 8th grade ◦ Senior high – 9th to 12th grade  Higher education

37.  Public schools – state schools, free of charge (even for foreigners); important in the life of the local community; social centres  Private schools – parents required to pay fees (tuition); organization and curricula similar to public schools, but the administration differs; frequently associated with religious institutions

38.  Education regulated at federal, state and local levels  This results in certain differences in the organisation of schools (advanced classes, choice of sports, activities and vocational training)  Grades (classes) regulated at the federal level  High school curriculum is regulated at the state level, so it differs from state to state

39.  Promotion from one grade to the next is based on the pupil’s achievement of specified skills in reading, writing, spelling, arithmetic, history, geography and art

40.  Compulsory (prescribed) subjects: English, science, social studies, mathematics, physical education  Elective subjects chosen in many fields (foreign languages, arts, vocational training, science...)  In senior high school half of the student workload is elective

41.  Freshman  Sophomore  Junior  Senior

42.  Pep rally  Homecoming  Prom  Yearbook launch  Graduation (ceremonies, caps and gowns, diplomas, speeches, farewell speech by valedictorian)

43.  Colleges and universities associate degree ◦ Colleges (community and junior) – associate degree  Junior college – the first two years of an undergraduate curriculum or final vocational training  Community college – largely attended by students who want to live at home

44.  Colleges of liberal arts ◦ Humanities, social studies  Professional colleges ◦ Engineering, education, business...

45. bachelor’s degreemaster’s degree PhDadvanced professional degree Universities – bachelor’s degree, master’s degree, PhD or advanced professional degree (Law, Medicine, Dentistry) Undergradute and graduate departments State universities and private universities The best universities are private (Yale, Princeton, Harvard)

46.  A system of credits (units) which are transferable  Students must select a major (the main subject of study) in order to earn a Bachelor’s degree  Students are required to take a certain number of courses within that major in order to receive the degree

47.  The Greek system (sororities and fraternities)  Life on campus