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Criteria by Format Chapter 10
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Formats ► Selection process How media specialist should view format characteristics Make decisions based upon criteria related to each format
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Audiorecordings ► Audio cassettes / CD’s ► Examples “Books on tape (CD)” Musical CD’s Storytelling recordings Poetry readings
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Audiorecordings ► Advantages Portable Wide-range available Students find it appealing Aid to reluctant readers ► Disadvantages Extended time may be boring Not practical for large groups CD’s and tapes easily stolen
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Audiorecordings ► Selection criteria High quality sound; interesting narration Appropriate time duration Compatible with available equipment Includes user’s guide
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Books ► Advantages Portable Wide range of topics No equipment needed ► Disadvantages Movement not easily demonstrated Little interaction Certain reading-level skills needed
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Books ► Selection criteria Weight, print size appropriate Opaque paper Spacing between words Attractive/representative book jacket Illustrations useful and appropriate
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CD-ROMs ► Advantages Large memory storage Quick information retrieval Durable, portable ► Disadvantages Need computer or CD-ROM player Information cannot be updated or changed Limited use – one student or small group
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CD-ROMs ► Selection criteria Updates, cost effective, annual fee, license On-screen tutorials User friendly – good table of contents or menu Fast access to information High quality graphics, audio, video Fits specific need not available in other formats
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Computer software ► Advantages Creative problem solving, drill and practice Self-paced interactions Rapid information retrieval Enhance student/teacher presentations ► Disadvantages Teachers may be reluctant to use Software/equipment incompatibility More programs appeal to boys
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Computer software ► Selection criteria Compatible with equipment Content more appropriate than in other formats User locus of control On-screen instructions clear and understandable
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DVDs ► Advantages 7x storage space of CD-ROMs Near-studio quality video and HQ audio Instant searching/high quality freeze framing Compact and Closed-captioned ► Disadvantages Some TV’s cannot handle clarity Poorly compressed video or audio may be distorted
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DVDs ► Selection criteria Quality of content Discs and players compatible Age appropriateness
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Games ► Advantages Problem solving scenarios Simulate realistic situations High interest from learners ► Disadvantages Time consuming Limited number of players Can distort social situations Educational value lacking
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Games ► Selection criteria Store easily/pieces neatly stored Items durable/replaceable Clear directions Computer needed/compatible
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Graphic materials ► Tables, posters, charts, cartoons, graphs, pictures, etc. ► Advantages Inexpensive; widely available Enhance physical details and understanding ► Disadvantages Sizes/distances distorted Visual literacy required Motion can only be suggested
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Graphic materials ► Selection criteria Concise information Less-important elements de-emphasized Lettering clear and legible Sizing large enough for intended audience/distance
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Kits ► Advantages Various formats related to specific topic combined in one package May aid differing learning styles ► Disadvantages May included different age level material May duplicate other items in collection Costly; individual parts not replaceable
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Kits ► Selection criteria Relationship among its parts Special equipment needed? Directions clear Does it fill a unique purpose? You may choose to create a kit from existing materials in collection
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Newspapers/Databases ► See pages 166-170.
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Pamphlets ► Advantages Inexpensive or free Additional copies usually easily obtained Provide a variety of viewpoints ► Disadvantages Easily misplaced due to size/format Flimsy construction May contain advertising/bias
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Periodicals ► Advantages Promotes leisure reading Suggest activities Serve professional clients ► Disadvantages Circulation controls Magazines disappear Storage may be an issue
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Periodicals ► Selection criteria Content interesting to students/teachers Well-organized topics Illustrations pertinent Electronic versions offer same coverage ► Back issues Discard or store Pattern of use
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Videos ► Also see DVDs ► Advantages Illustrates moving concepts well Familiar format to users Fairly durable ► Disadvantages Need a big screen for multiple viewers Some very expensive
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Websites ► Advantages Worldwide information Fast, inexpensive Links to related information ► Disadvantages No classification scheme May not be updated May not be age appropriate
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Websites ► Selection criteria See pg. 185 for list ► Copyright implications
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Conclusions ► Material selection Who will use them What format is preferred Appropriate equipment available Relevance of new formats and technologies from The Collection Program in Schools, by Van Orden and Bishop, 3 rd edition, 2001.
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Activities ► Choose any item that you would like to consider adding to your collection. Using the appropriate format selection criteria checklist from chapter 10, answer each question using your item, and explain if you would add the item based on the criteria. ► Locate a website and complete the selection criteria checklist on pg. 185.
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