1. Constructing an Earthquake Seismometer and Early Warning System Vardo Barsegyan, Sylvia Dhimdis, Matthew Ferrer, Dragos Guta, Jaesoon Lee, Arnold Martinez, Kenneth Moreno, Annie Norm, Lorenzo Rulli, Bryan Sanchez

2. Presentation Overview Motivation Background: Seismology Design and Construction of the Seismometer Warning System Demonstration Summary June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer2

3. Earthquakes 500,000 deaths in past 5 years Injuries Homeless families Japan 9.0: Over $300 Billion June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer3

4. We can not predict earthquakes. But we can give early warning... June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer4

5. What is an Earthquake? June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer5

6. Body Waves June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer6

7. Propagation of Seismic Waves June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer7

8. Seismogram June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer8 Minimum Warning Time

9. How Can We Detect These Earthquakes? June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer9

10. Principles Applied  Newton’s Second Law  Hugyen’s Law  Faraday’s Law  Ohm’s Law  Damping/Resistance  Amplification  Digitization F=ma June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer10

11. Field Trip  Cal Tech Seismology Lab  Media Center  San Andreas Fault June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer11

12. System Overview June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer12

13. Building the Sensor June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer13

14. Old Seismograph http://slohs.slcusd.org/pages/teachers/rhamley/Plate%20Tectonics/seismograph.html June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer14

15. Building the Sensor Works as the mass of the pendulum Choosing the number of turns of the coil – – More turns equals more voltage but harder to damp June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer15

16. Building the Sensor Works as the “paper” of the sensor June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer16

17. Building the Sensor Frequencies of P and S waves: 0.8 to 4 Hertz T = 1/f Length of the pendulum Θ T T H June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer17

18. Building the Sensor June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer18 Pendulum Sensor Coil Magnet

19. Amplifier Voltage from background motion is ~.5µV Need at least 10 mV to display clearly Voltage(out)=Gain*Voltage(in) Gain ≈ 20,000

20. LabVIEW June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer20

21. LabVIEW June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer21

22. DEMONSTRATION June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer22

23. Problems False alarms from human movement in lab Learning lab view difficult Need faster Computers June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer23

24. Accomplishments/Summary Designed and built two seismometers capable of detecting ground motion down to 0.5µm per second Designed and built one node of a complete earthquake alert system Programmed seismometer data recording and retrieval system Reviewed the concepts from math, physics, geology, computer science and engineering needed for the project June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer24

25. QUESTIONS? June 22, 2012SITE 2012 - Seismometer25