1. AP World Review
Unit 4

2. Specifics for Unit 4 Three Key Concepts Represents 20% of total exam
Globalizing Networks of Communication and Exchange (4.1)
New Forms of Social Organization and Modes of Production (4.2)
State Consolidation and Imperial Expansion (4.3)
Represents 20% of total exam

3. Globalizing Communication and Exchange
What changed? What stayed the same?
Know the causes…also five examples of early maritime exploration in course description
Columbian Exchange (Effects)
Global circulation of goods
Role of silver
Atlantic System
Role of Mercantilism
Cultural Exchanges

4. Let’s try a multiple choice question…
In the period , which of the following, produced on large plantations by slave labor, were significant commodities in the growing world market?
Grains such as barley and wheat
Tropical fruits such as bananas and oranges
Animal products such as wool and beef
Cash crops such as sugar and tobacco

5. Let’s try a multiple choice question…
In the period , which of the following, produced on large plantations by slave labor, were significant commodities in the growing world market?
Grains such as barley and wheat
Tropical fruits such as bananas and oranges
Animal products such as wool and beef
Cash crops such as sugar and tobacco
The correct answer was d, but why?

6. A Look at the Question with the Course Description…
In the period , which of the following, produced on large plantations by slave labor, were significant commodities in the growing world market?
Grains such as barley and wheat
Tropical fruits such as bananas and oranges
Animal products such as wool and beef
Cash crops such as sugar and tobacco
Key Concept 5.1.V.B
American foods became staple crops in various parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Cash crops were grown primarily on plantations with coerced labor and were exported mostly to Europe and the Middle East during this period.

7. A Look at the Question with the Course Description…
In the period , which of the following, produced on large plantations by slave labor, were significant commodities in the growing world market?
Grains such as barley and wheat
Tropical fruits such as bananas and oranges
Animal products such as wool and beef
Cash crops such as sugar and tobacco
Key Concept 4.1.V.B
American foods became staple crops in various parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Cash crops were grown primarily on plantations with coerced labor and were exported mostly to Europe and the Middle East during this period.

8. A Look at the Question with the Course Description…
In the period , which of the following, produced on large plantations by slave labor, were significant commodities in the growing world market?
Grains such as barley and wheat
Tropical fruits such as bananas and oranges
Animal products such as wool and beef
Cash crops such as sugar and tobacco
Key Concept 4.1.V.B
American foods became staple crops in various parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Cash crops were grown primarily on plantations with coerced labor and were exported mostly to Europe and the Middle East during this period.

9. A Look at the Question with the Course Description…
In the period , which of the following, produced on large plantations by slave labor, were significant commodities in the growing world market?
Grains such as barley and wheat
Tropical fruits such as bananas and oranges
Animal products such as wool and beef
Cash crops such as sugar and tobacco
Key Concept 4.1.V.B
American foods became staple crops in various parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Cash crops were grown primarily on plantations with coerced labor and were exported mostly to Europe and the Middle East during this period.

10. A Look at the Question with the Course Description…
In the period , which of the following, produced on large plantations by slave labor, were significant commodities in the growing world market?
Grains such as barley and wheat
Tropical fruits such as bananas and oranges
Animal products such as wool and beef
Cash crops such as sugar and tobacco
Key Concept 4.1.V.B
American foods became staple crops in various parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Cash crops were grown primarily on plantations with coerced labor and were exported mostly to Europe and the Middle East during this period.

11. New Social Organization & Modes of Production
Coerced Labor
Plantation Slavery in the Americas
Slavery in Africa & the Mediterranean
Other colonial coerced labor systems
New racial/gender hierarchies
New Elites
Old Elites
Gender and Family
New Racial Classifications

12. Think about Comparisons
Coerced labor systems around the world
Coerced labor systems in the Americas
Role of race in coercive labor systems
Comparisons of racial ideologies in Spanish colonies v. British colonies
Was everything monolithic?
Comparison of Old Imperialism and New Imperialism (19th Century)

13. State Consolidation and Imperial Expansion
Legitimacy and Power
How did they do it?
Gunpowder and Armed Trade
Know the empires in the Course Description
Know the difference between land-based (Gunpowder) Empires and Maritime Empires
Competition over trade routes
State Rivalries
Local Resistance

14. Comparisons are obvious…What about Changes/Continuities?
The way they acquire legitimacy
Theories make things easier to remember the patterns
Who ran the show?
How was trade different between 1450 & 1750 as compared to 1750 to 1900?
How did Indian Ocean trade change?
How did Atlantic Ocean trade change?
Role of China?
Role of Middle East?

15. Always remember… Change and Continuity can stretch over two periods
Comparisons can be between similar processes in different time periods
You can’t look at anything in isolation!!!
Think like a historian