1. Located 15 miles up the Tiber River in Italy. Primary source of water Protected from pirate attacks.

2. How did Rome begin? The legend of Remus and Romulus. Twin brothers who were taken from their mother and left to be carried away by the river. Found and raised by a wolf A shepherd killed the wolf and took in the boys. Later the brothers decided to build a city on the Tiber and argued over who would be ruler. They climbed to the top of two mountains to wait for a sign from the Gods. Vultures flew over the mountain top that Romulus stood on he took that as the sign, the brothers began to fight and Remus was killed. Romulus became the first King of the city (named Rome after himself.)

3. The Aeneid by Virgil Trojan hero Aneneas and a band of followers fled after the Greeks won the Trojan war. They followed the Mediterranean to the Tiber River. After great warfare, he married the local King’s daughter which united the Trojans and the Latin’s occupying Palatine. Making him the “Father of the Romans”

4. Palatine and the Early Romans Settled by the Latin people(Romans) Pleasant climate and fertile soil. Forests=timber. Built gravel roads to bring salt and other coastal items to the village. Most were farmers living in wood huts. Grew Wheat and barley.

5. Etruscans People of the Sea. Asia Minor Settled a village North of Palatine Borrowed their alphabet from the Greeks. Spoke a language unknown to any other civilization.

6. Dug tunnels and built dams to drain marshy fields. Built their cities on the top of hills and surrounded them with thick walls. Italy’s first highly civilized people. As pirates=most feared and envied As traders=admired and respected.

7. Farmers Used Iron tools. Grew: Barley, millet, wheat and grapes. Raised: Pigs, goats, sheep, ducks, chickens, and Cattle. Cattle were used for food and to pull wagons & plows.

8. Trade. Metalworkers & Sculptors: Weapons, utensils and jewelry Exchanged for luxury items: Gold (Syria), silver(Greece),and ivory. Miners: dug copper, lead, iron and tin.

9. Etruscan Army Learned from the Greek Army. Had a weapon that other civilizations didn’t…..their Shoes By 600 BC they dominated all of Northern Italy including Palatine.

10. Questions What are some things the Etruscans borrowed from the Greeks? How were the Etruscan cities different from early Greek cities?