1. Characteristics of Living Organisms

2. What is an organism? -any living thing -There are 7 characteristics that distinguishes living from nonliving.

3. All living organisms …….  1. Are made up of one or more cells. Cells are the: basic unit of function and structure of all living organisms.

4. Unicellular: -organisms made up of only one cell. Bacteria Protist

5. Multicellular: -organisms made up of two or more cell all working together. Fungi PlantsAnimals

6. Multicellular organisms must display levels of organization:

7. CELLS: the basic unit of life A group of like cells make up : TISSUES Layers of like tissues make up : ORGANS A group of organs working together for one purpose is a: SYSTEM Examples? Digestive, Reproductive, Nervous, etc…..

8. Organism = a series of organ systems working together to create one individual (frog) Species = group of like organisms that can reproduce and produce a fertile offspring. (spring peepers)

9. Population = group of individuals of the same species living in one place. ( All the spring peepers living in Mrs. O'Neill's pond).

10. Community = groups of many different populations living in one area. ( all the different types of frogs, fish, turtles and cat tails in Mrs. O’Neill’s pond).

11. Ecosystem = all the different organisms and their physical environment both biotic and abiotic Biotic: bio= life -anything alive in the ecosystem like plants, animals, etc… Abiotic a=bio= nonlife = anything nonliving like air, water, soil, etc..

12. Biosphere = is the region of our universe where organisms live (land, air and water).

13. What’s the difference between the man and the rock? Man -made up of cells and displays all levels of organization. Rocks -not made up of cells. Made up of only atoms and molecules

14. Living or Nonliving???

15. All living organisms…… 2. Must be able to successfully reproduce. -Reproduce means to make more organisms. -This trait pertains to the species and NOT to an individual.

16. Types of reproduction: Asexual Reproduction: A = not Sexual = well you know what that means...

17. -Asexual reproduction is when one organism divides into two new organisms. -the new organisms are genetically identical. -clones

18. Bacteria, protist, some fungi, some plants and some animals. Binary Fission Genetically identical to each other and to….

19. Planarians Which are clones?

20. Budding Hydras Strawberry Plants

21. Sexual Reproduction: -Requires two things -sperm -egg -Produces organisms that are genetically different.

22. Internal Fertilization: verses External Fertilization

23. External Fertilization: Sperm and egg are released into the water. Sperm and egg randomly come together by chance. Offspring develop on their own, many ending up as a prey or as “fish food”

24. Fish External Fertilization

25. Frogs

26. Internal Fertilization: -sperm and egg meet: inside the females body -offspring remain inside the mother or inside a hard shell and are protected.

27. Internal Fertilization

28. Petri Dish and Growing Medium/Food Source

29. 3. All living organisms must be able to grow and develop. Grow: to increase in the number of cells. Develop: to change in form.

30. Growth and development may occur at the same time.

31. 4.All living organisms must obtain and use energy through the process of metabolism. (to breakdown and use the food you eat for energy) -need energy to do everything -grow, develop, reproduce…..even sleep. Why do babies sleep so much????

32. Heterotrophs: -organisms that get food from consuming other organisms. Hetero = different trophs = to nourish

33. Who is heterotrophic: -some bacteria -some protist -all fungi -all animals

34. Metabolism Breaking down the food Using the food for energy and to make new cells.

35. Autotrophs: -organisms which: make their own food through the process of Auto = self operating trophs = to nourish Photosynthesis

36. Who is Autotrophic? -some bacteria -some protist -all plants

37. 5.All living organisms must adapt to their environment. WHY? Survival………….. Snowshoe rabbit in the winter and summer. Chameleons Camouflaging

38. 6.All living organisms must be able to respond to their environment. WHY? Survival……………………. STIMULUS RESPONSE coldness heat no food light Humans shiver Birds fluff up their feathers Dogs get a thick coat of fur Humans sweat Dogs pant Alligators move into the water Birds migrate south Plants grow towards the light

39. 7.All living organisms must be able display some form of homeostasis. Homo = same stasis = stationary Heart beat/pulse Blood pressure Water balance Body temperature Homeostasis is the ability to maintain stable and constant internal conditions.