1. Reproductive System Before the Bell:
Open Seating: Please fill in the front desks first.
Get out your workbook.

2. Ground Rules
-Appropriate and mature behavior/comments is expected.
-Anatomical terms will be used.
-Questions that might involve values, ethics, beliefs, etc. I will not answer but will refer home.

3. Pg. 139 The Reproductive System
Reproduction is the process by which life is continued from one generation to the next.
A new human life results from the union of two specialized cells, one from a male and the other from a female. These cells, the egg and the sperm, are produced by the reproductive system, the organs that make possible the production of offspring.
Egg cell
Sperm cell

4. Page 145 Seminal vesicles Prostate gland Cowper’s glands Penis Testes
Scrotum
Vas deferens
Epididymis
Seminal vesicles
Prostate gland
Cowper’s glands

5. Pg. 139 The Male Reproductive System
Sperm are produced in the testes and mature in the epididymis.
From there, they travel through the vas deferens, where they are mixed with seminal fluid, which is produced by the seminal vesicles, the prostrate gland, and Cowper’s glands. This mixture of sperm and seminal fluid is called semen. Muscular contractions force semen through the urethra and out of the body, a process called ejaculation.

6. Pg. 139 Problems of the Male Reproductive System
Males can experience both minor and serious problems with their reproductive systems:
Inguinal hernia
Sterility
Enlarged prostate gland
STIs
Cancer
Pg. 139

7. Pg. 139 Care of the Male Reproductive System
Practice self-exam of the scrotum and testicles once a month.
Bathe regularly.
Wear a protective cup or supporter during athletic activities to prevent accidental injuries.
Practice abstinence from sexual activity before marriage.
Pg. 139

8. Pg. 140 The Female Reproductive System
The female reproductive system has many functions:
It produces female sex hormones.
It stores egg cells.
It provides a place for fertilization to occur.
It nourishes and protects the fertilized egg as it grows and matures into a new human being.
Pg. 140

9. Ovaries
Fallopian tubes
Uterus
Endometrium
Cervix
Vagina
Page 147

10. The Menstrual Cycle
The menstrual cycle is the sequence of events in the reproductive system that occurs from one menstruation to another. A cycle usually lasts about 28 days, but it varies from one female to another.
Pg. 140
Days 1–13 of the cycle, a new egg cell is maturing inside the ovary.
Day 14 of the cycle, ovulation occurs.
Day 15 – 20, the egg travels through the fallopian tube.
Day 21, the egg enters the uterus.

11. After 7 days, if the egg has not been fertilized, menstruation begins.
Most females begin menstruation between the ages of 9 and 16. Menstruation occurs from puberty until menopause.
Menopause, which usually occurs between age 40 and 60, is a period marking the end of a female’s reproductive years.
Pg. 140

12. Fertilization
Fertilization is the joining of a male and female reproductive cell to make the first cell of a new human.
This cell, the fertilized egg, then moves down the fallopian tube and into the uterus. The fertilized egg attaches to the wall of the uterus and begins to grow.
Pg. 141

13. Pg. 141 Development and Birth
In the early stages, the fertilized egg is called an embryo. After eight weeks of development, it is called a fetus. The uterus has layers of tissue and a rich blood supply to nourish the developing fetus. After about 40 weeks, the fetus is mature and ready to be born. The walls of the uterus begin to contract. The contractions open the cervix and push the baby out of the uterus and through the cervix. The baby passes through the vagina and out of the female’s body.
Pg. 141

14. Pg. 141 Problems of the Female Reproductive System
Females can experience both minor and serious problems with their reproductive systems:
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)
Toxic Shock Syndrome
Infertility
Ovarian Cysts
STIs
Cancer
Pg. 141

15. Pg. 141 Care of the Female Reproductive System
Females should have regular checkups by a physician. The following tips will help females take good care of their reproductive systems:
Breast examinations once a month.
Bathe regularly
Record the menstrual periods.
Practice abstinence.
Pg. 141

16. Pg. 142 Building Blocks of Life
A unique human body begins as a single cell that is the result of fertilization, the result of the joining together of two special cells, one from each parent:
Egg cell: cell from the mother
Sperm cell: cell from the father
Pg. 142

17. Pg. 142 Growth During Pregnancy
Soon after fertilization, the cell begins to divide. It forms a cluster of cells that attaches itself to the inside wall of the uterus. The cluster of cells is now called an embryo. These cells continue to divide and form cells that do specific jobs.
Over time, cells that do similar jobs combine into tissues, tissues with similar jobs combine into organs, and organs with similar jobs combine into systems.
A fetus is the name for the developing organism from the end of the eighth week until birth. The baby is born about nine months after fertilization.
Pg. 142

18. Pg. 142 Growth inside the Uterus
Food and oxygen in the mother’s blood are carried to the fetus through a blood vessel in the umbilical cord, a tube that connects the fetus and the mother’s placenta. After birth, the cord is cut.

19. Stages of Birth
About nine months after fertilization, a fetus is fully developed and ready to be born. The birth process occurs in three stages:
Stage one. Mild contractions signal the beginning of the first stage.
Stage two. The contractions are very strong and are occurring more frequently. The contractions push the baby through the cervix and out of the mother’s body.
Stage three. Contractions continue after the baby is born until the placenta is pushed out of the uterus.
Pg. 142

20. TO DO:
Complete questions on pg. 144.
Work on your Magic Squares. DUE FRIDAY.