1. Nervous System Lets begin!

3. TERMINOLOGY (cover + 203)  Neuro-bi-  Astro-af-  Micr(o)-ef-  Uni-Multi-  Pia Oligo-  -glia (glue)dendr(o)-  Gangli-mening-  Sens-moto-

4. INTRODUCTION  The nervous system consists of two sections.

5. INTRODUCTION  1. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)  All the nerves that go out into the body.

6. PNS

7. INTRODUCTION  2. Central Nervous system (CNS)  BRAIN  SPINAL CORD

8. CNS

9. FUNCTIONS (4)  1. Respond to external and internal environment.  (temp, acidity)

10. FUNCTIONS (4)  2. Integration of sensory information. (make sense of stuff)

11. FUNCTIONS (4)  3. Coordination of voluntary AND involuntary activities.

12. FUNCTIONS (4)  4. Regulation of the body (homeostasis)

13. NERVOUS TISSUE

14. Nervous tissue  High energy user  Don’t really reproduce

15. Neuroglia or glial  NON-conducting!  Job is protect, support, and nourish neurons.

16. Nervous tissue  There are four types of neuroglia cells. A, B, and C are in CNS. D is found on the PNS.

17. Neuroglia  A. Astrocytes:  Nourish neurons  Connects neurons to capillaries (oxygen and nutrient)

20. Neuroglia  B. Oligodendrocytes: improve conduction for neurons. (Create myelin)

21. Oligodendrocytes

22. Neuroglia  C. Microglia: Small, phagocytes (eat particles) clean things up

24. Neuroglia  D. Schwann Cells: improve conduction (myelinate nerves)

25. Schwann Cells

26. Neurons

27. Neurons  Carry impulses to AND from the CNS.

28. Neurons  SKIP STRUCTURE, go right to function.

29. Neurons  Three classified types of neurons:  Sensory Neurons  Associative (inter neurons)  Motor Neurons

30. Sensory Neurons  Transfer message from receptors PNS to CNS. (3 types of receptors)

31. Sensory Neurons  Exteroceptors: External, or on surface. (eyes, ears, skin ~ sense environment)

32. Sensory Neurons  Propioceptors: Involved in balance and tension (muscles)

33. Sensory Neurons  Interoceptors: Internal (digestion, hunger, excretion, heart, breathing)

34. Inter-neurons  ONLY IN CNS!!!!  Link sensory to motor

35. Motor neurons  Message from CNS to effectors (muscles, glands)

36.  Let us put it together!  Roman Candle time.

37. NEURON STRUCTURE

40. COLOR CODE TIME  PLEASE COLOR CODE THE NEURON ON PAGE 4.  Color d, g, h, I, j, k, l and cell body

42. CELL BODY  AKA Soma  Contains nucleus, neuroplasm, nissl bodies.

43. Nissl Bodies  Clusters of ribosomes (energy/protein makers)

44. Dendrites  Receive signals, impulse carried towards cell body.  Afferent process. (Carry toward)

46. Axon  Carries outgoing signals (away from cell body = Efferent process  Can branch to touch many fibers.

48. Myelin  Insulated lipid that improves impulse speed.  White in appearance

49. Myelin  A. White matter: White appearance from myelin CNS

50. Myelin  B. Gray matter: No myelin, outer part of brain (cortex) and some CNS

52. Neurilemma  Thin membrane that surrounds axon in PNS.  If nerve has neurilemma it CAN regenerate!

53. Node of Ranvier  Gaps between glial cells where myelin is not complete.  Saltatory conduction= jump from node to node.

54. Schwann cell  Neuroglia cells which add myelin to axons of the PNS