1. 1 RUFIS’98 Monterrey, Mexico July 21-24, 1998 Companies must compete on an international market Higher requirements on working force Accelerating technological developments Continuous skill upgrading of skills and knowledge Life-long learning The learner has the accountability for his/her learning Role of teacher/instructor: Facilitator, tutor Need for Continuing Education

2. 2 RUFIS’98 Monterrey, Mexico July 21-24, 1998 Traditional continuing education expensive: Resort establishments, away from production, travels etc. Away from family Difficulties with children Time constrained Same time - same place (1) Need for Distance Education

3. 3 RUFIS’98 Monterrey, Mexico July 21-24, 1998 Same time - Same place (1) Different time - Same place (2) Same time - Different place (3) Different time - Different place (4) Any time - Any place Need for Continuing Education Same time Different time Same place Different place 12 34

4. 4 RUFIS’98 Monterrey, Mexico July 21-24, 1998 1Same time - Same place Lectures, classes, seminars, meetings, labs, NBL 2Different time - Same place Libraries, videotapes, CAL/CBL 3Same time - Different place Videoconference, telephone conference, TV and radio broadcast, NBL (Networked Based Learning) 4Different time - Different place E-mail, bulletin board, computer conferences, NBL Need for Distance Education

5. 5 RUFIS’98 Monterrey, Mexico July 21-24, 1998 Need for Computer Conferencing the Aha-zone the Usefullness-zone the Frustration-zone the Drop-out-zone 5 1525 40 120 Number of messages Popularity Computer conferencing e-mail

6. 6 RUFIS’98 Monterrey, Mexico July 21-24, 1998 Problems with distance education Managers do not know what it is It is thougt to be very expensive Requires self discipline Lack of trained teachers Teaching training colleges often continue to train in traditional ways (against government wishes) Teachers easily overloaded Little understanding of time consumption from those unaware of its functioning (managers etc.) Need for Distance Education

7. 7 RUFIS’98 Monterrey, Mexico July 21-24, 1998 Advantages with distance education Used correctly cost-benefits may be advantagable Participants may continue their daily work (at least partially) Promote collaborative work Promote own responsibility for learning Global expertise can be used in the courses Student and teacher contact can be maintained in sandwich courses, during foreign visits etc. Own competence/expertise can be sold to others Need for Distance Education

8. 8 RUFIS’98 Monterrey, Mexico July 21-24, 1998 Communication with other systems, data bases and services Help desk Human assistance Service Ideas simple concepts Budget Cost-benefit analysis Financing Target group (human network) Clear decisions about use Knowledge amount (Critical mass) Direct use in participants’ activities and requested services SynergyIntroduction Role of instructor Motivation Basic education Continuing education Simplicity Infrastructure and organization Rules, promises and accountabilities Support organizations Avant-garde, “gate keepers” Knowledge brokers Confidentiality, security, electronic commerce Law, rules, practices, netiquette Software Hardware, Network User interface Email and conference systems Knowledge network Copyright, © 1996 Bengt Olsen

9. 9 RUFIS’98 Monterrey, Mexico July 21-24, 1998 The end Need for Distance Education