2. Granular Synthesis in Next- Generation Games Game Developer's Conference 2006 San Jose Leonard J. Paul Vancouver Film School Game Audio Instructor lpaul {at} vfs.com 604-685-5808 x4035

3. Grain Production 0 ms250 ms500 ms 200 ms205 ms210 ms Envelope 200 ms205 ms210 ms x = Original Waveform 10ms Segment Envelope function Grain output

4. Granular Synthesis Flowchart ENV OSC Amp 1/dur Grain envelope Grain Waveform Grain Voice 1 Freq Grain Voice n... Multi-channel Output

5. Granular Density Spectrogram

6. Granular Parameters 1) Selection order (forwards/reverse or freeze) 2) Pitch shift (playback rate) 3) Amplitude range 4) Spatialization / panning (static/dynamic) 5) Grain duration 6) Grain density (number of grains/second or number of grain voices) 7) Envelope (ASR shape, attack/release slope or windowing function) 8) DSP effect (reverb, filtering etc.) 9) Feedback amount (for granular delay lines)

7. Grain Segmentation 0 sec 2.5 secs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Nuts ! It's com - pany pro - pa - gan - da Split into natural length sizes similar to syllables to improve granulation

8. Dialogue  Independent control over pitch and tempo  Segmentation  Phase vocoder  Examples

9. Sound Effects  Delay-line granulation effect  Synthesis techniques  Scraping, skidding and sliding  Ambiances  Examples

10. Crowd Engines  Granular cross-fading / morphing  Crowd intensities  Chaining between chunks  Reduction of identifiable loop elements  Examples

11. Car Engines  Segmentation  Layering  RPM bands  Pitch-shifting  Examples

12. Music  Techniques and aesthetics  Real-time vs. pre-rendered  Grain quantization  Software tools  Examples

13. Granular Effects  Techniques  Delay-line granulation  Granular reverb  Examples

14. Granular Surround  History of use of diffusion in performance  Grain speaker assignment  Trajectories  Examples

15. Granular Particle Effects Control Parameters Particle Physics Parameters: vel, pos, etc.. Granular Synthesis

16. Granular Software

17. CloudGenerator for Mac Curtis Roads & John Alexander 1996

18. Granular Footsteps in Java Chirag Mehta

19. Natural Wavelet Grain Segmentation in Java Reynald Hoskinson

20. Synthesis Toolkit Perry R. Cook & Gary P. Scavone

21. AudioMulch Ross Bencina

22. Max/MSP Granular Synthesis

23. Pure Data Granular Synthesis

24. Implementation  Prototyping  Integration into game audio tools and libraries  Pure Data demos and prototyping techniques  Source code examples

25. Questions? lpaul {at} vfs.com http://www.VideoGameAudio.com