1. In Small Things Forgotten James Deetz

2. Historical Archaeology: The archaeology of the spread of European cultures throughout the world since the fifteenth century, and their impact on and interaction with the cultures of indigenous peoples. (Deetz, p.5 )

3. Academic architecture

4. Chesapeake Earthfast architecture Utopia House, Kingsmill Plantation, VA

6. Reconstructions of Earthfast architecture

7. Worldview What was in the mind of the makers of past artifacts becomes realized in the artifacts themselves So we want to reconstruct not only the activities that produced the artifacts and assemblages we find, but the mental structures that made the artifacts meaningful

8. Colonial Virginia & Flowerdew Hundred Plantation 1619 to present Gov Yeardley Medieval vs. modern plantation

9. Archaeology at Flowerdew Hundred 20 previously undocumented sites dating between 1619 & 1800

10. Colonial clay tobacco pipes

11. Distribution of tobacco pipe bore sizes at Flowerdew Hundred 1619- 1800

12. Group 3 1700-1800 Revival of tobacco: Re-Anglicization/ Modernization Group 2 1630-1700 Tobacco decline, localization Group 1 1619-1660 Tobacco boomers, impermanence Tobacco histories

13. Earthfast architecture Phase 1. Tobacco Boomers, 1615-1660 High demand/low supply for tobacco Cheap, available land Good climate for tobacco Slow navigable rivers: low transport cost Enclosures in England: push factor Negatives: Hard work, expensive labor Harsh Chesapeake environment

14. Early colonial Virginia

15. Iron Bloomer Site at Flowerdew Hundred note stone foundation Phase 2. Creole Diversification, 1660-1700 Drop in tobacco prices: European conflicts Slowed immigration Abandonment of early sites, larger tracts sold off/ subdivided 1 st generation American born: separated from English roots, no desire to return Diversification: Agriculture & industry Localization of community Navigation Acts

16. Phase 1 and 2: Peasant cultures workers of the land – non-urban, non-bourgeois control their own labor conservative, traditional cultural values kin-based, corporate communities localized and suspicious of outsiders routines regulated by seasons and organic agrarian processes

17. Colonoware vessel: Africans in America Phase 3. Re-Anglicization/ Modernization, 1700-1800 Revival of tobacco economy Organization of the Atlantic world Sharp increase in the number of enslaved Africans - Simultaneously affordable and expensive Class formation: planter-slave First generation to not experience labor educated, privileged Rise of popular culture: Georgian Contrast with medieval peasant culture

18. The Atlantic World: a rationalization of commerce making a living vs. making a profit production — commodity — labor

19. Structural oppositions Medieval Culture Asymmetrical Corporate Labor of self Traditional Local Organic Georgian culture Balanced Individualized Labor of others Popular/Modern Global Ordered