1. Chinese Leadership Comparative Gov’t 2013 First Semester

2. Sun Yat-Sen Auz, Trevor, Derek, David

3. Background Born into a peasant family in 1866 Studied in Honolulu and Hong Kong (medical training) Practiced medicine in China and Japan Organized his own party revolving around nationalism, democracy, and socialism Won support of Chinese elites living abroad

4. Presidency and Coup Was chosen as president of the new Republic of China following 1911 revolt against monarchy Forced out of power by a military coup Organized Guomintang (Nationalist Party) to fight restoration of the monarchy

5. Later Life Married the daughter of a prominent banking family to gain support among Chinese expats and in the U.S. Military success declined due to a lack allies Combined forces with Chinese Communists and Soviet Union to successfully fight the monarchist forces until his death until 1925

6. Chiang Kai-Shek By: Philip, Megan, Ryan, and Natalie

7. Early Life Chiang Kai-Shek was born in 1887 Grew up as a peasant Trained at the Military Academy in Tokyo, Japan when he turned 18, being attracted to the military life

8. Return to China Returned to China after collapse of monarchy and became the Guomintang after Sun Yat-Sen. He was an anti-communist He reached out to business owners and Americans anti-communists.

9. WWII United States was allied with Chiang’s government against Japan American monetary aid was used to fight against the internal communist threat, rather than foreign power. He was kidnapped and was forced to work with the communists. The Chinese looked up the communists as the actual victors in the war against Japan, and a civil war broke up.

10. After WWII Chiang attempted to become president after the war. Civil War broke out between he and the communists. His military was no match for the communists, and he fled to Taiwan.

11. Mao Tse-Tung Born a peasant farmer in 1983 Attended primary school with aid from relatives Served in army after 1911 revolution After, attended more school Worked as teacher, writer for radical causes July 1921: Attended First Congress of Chinese Communist Party 1923: Elected to Central Committee Proclaimed PRC in 1949 Died in 1976

12. Accomplishments 1920s Started schools for peasants Organized protests against unfair and greedy landlords Established Chinese Soviet Republic in SE China Land redistribution increased popularity “Long March” (1934) Chiang Kai-shek set out to defeat Communists War raged for more than three years, forced Communists into remote NW Mao led Communist forces WWII ends: Gained control of Manchuria, north China Assisted by USSR

13. Accomplishments Led Communist Party during civil war, forced out Guomintang Chairman of PRC until after Great Leap Forward disaster Remained Chair with little power 1966: Launched Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution Goal: To create a new egalitarian Chinese society, led by socialists, i.e. Mao People encouraged to attack, criticize opponents of goals Opponents (elitists, capitalists) sent to work with peasants Largely a time of chaos and anarchy

14. Deng Xiaoping Anna, Taylor, Hunter, Chloe

15. Biography Son of a legal scholar Political career began when he joined a boycott of Japanese goods Went to France to get an education Joined Students to form a communist party After returning to China in the 1950’s he became one of the top leaders in the party

16. Political Career Conflicts with Mao He was dismissed for government because he was a “Capitalist Roader” 1970’s he was appointed Vice-Premier Worked on economic rebuilding Purged from government again Implemented the “responsibility system” Raised rural standards of living Opened China to foreign trade and investment Kicked off economic growth Negotiated to ensure the return of Hong Kong to China Advocated for economic liberalization Ordered the PLA to suppress pro-democracy demonstrators in Tiananmen Square

17. Jiang Zemin

18. Hu Jintao By Ryan Fields and Racheal Koentopp

19. Early life Born in 1942 of a merchant family. Went to qinghua university because of his academic abilities. Joined communist party as a teenager and worked his way up the party He was a party official in the poor rural western provinces.

20. Rise to presidency Through his connections, he became a national leader in the CYL He continued to be promoted until he became a prominent figure in the party In 2003, he was elected president of the PRC

21. Early life Born in 1942 of a merchant family. Went to Qinghua university because of his academic abilities. Joined communist party as a teenager and worked his way up the party He was a party official in the poor rural western provinces.

22. Xi Jinping Current General Secretary of the Communist Party of China

23. Early life He is the son of Xi Zhongxun and was born in 1953 and grew up in Beijing. His father was a member of the communist party under Mao. But was then purged, sent on one those “Go break rocks for a year” escapades. He then earned a chemical engineering degree from Tsinghua University in Beijing and joined the communist party in 1974 5 th Generation of Chinese Communist Leaders

24. Political career Joined communist youth league – 1971 Joined communist party – 1974 Promoted to Governor of Fujian - 1999 Renewed the campaign against government corruption. Was put in charge of the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics. Promotes the “Chinese Dream” Calls for economic reforms and a strong military. Ranked 9 th in the top 10 most powerful men in the world (as of 2012) {Forbes}