1. Nate Hackner Cassandra Goodfield Culture in the Enriching Numeration and Number Operations By: Carla S. Moldavan Article

2. “Pretend that you live on an island. You have no contact with other. You do not know words or written symbols for numbers. “Your task is to develop a numeration system…” -Carla C. Moldavan

3. Overview A fourth grade classroom is given a project to create their own number system. She introduced them to different types of number systems. Example: Egyptian number system Algorithms for subtraction Example: Left to right and equal addition Lattice Method Duplication-and-Mediation Method (Russian-Peasant Algorithm). Other languages

4. NCTM/NETS Standards There was no technology present in this article. Understand numbers, ways of representing numbers, relationships among numbers, and number systems. Understand meanings of operations and how they relate to one another. Compute fluently and make reasonable estimates.

5. Key Points Egyptian Numerals Regrouping with addition and subtraction Left to right and equal addition Lattice Method Duplication- and- Mediation Method (Russian- Peasant Algorithm, for Multiplication Other number Systems

6. Example Lattice Method Egyptian Addition

7. Left to right Subtraction

8. Spanish English Numerals Japanese Numbers

9. Strengths She used a lot of examples. She had the students reflect on what they learned She used the students’ examples rather than her own in the article. Brining in other numbers from other languages. How she got the students to think of the importance of learning the reasons behind a number system.

10. Weaknesses No technology She should have elaborated more on certain concepts she was teaching the class. Some of the methods were confusing Example: Duplication-and-Mediaton Method

11. Classroom Implementation The methods shown in the article show different ways of doing basic arithmetic which can be very helpful for students who are struggling to understand the concept. The methods shown provide a deeper and more thorough understanding of the origins and purpose of arithmetic to students.

12. Instructions For Assessment On the next slide you will see 4 problems written in Egyptian numerals. Your mission is to solve the problem and write the whole problem in our American Number System and the answer in both Our number system and Egyptian. Good Luck

14. Assessment

15. Things to Ponder