1. A War Fought on Two Fronts (Ch. 13, Sec. 2)

2. How did Germany attempt to fight the war on two fronts? Central Powers faced enemies on both their eastern & western borders Central Powers fought France, Britain, & Italy on Western Front / Russia on Eastern Front Germany’s attack plan (Schlieffen Plan): first attack France through Belgium (neutral) & knock them out of war Then attack Russia in East, concentrating their full army on Russians

4. What happened in the fighting on the Western Front? Germany won first initial battles, but France & Britain were victorious at Battle of Marne Germany soon realized there would be no quick & easy victory in West Western Front became bloody stalemate as both sides built trench systems (600 miles of trenches) Soldiers had to fight in horrible conditions, while facing modern weapons & poison gas Battle of Verdun, Battle of Somme, and Battle of Ypres cost millions of lives, with little gained

6. Who controlled the fighting on the Eastern Front? Russia and Serbia fought Central Powers on Eastern Front Germany scored many victories in the East Germany defeated Russia at Battle of Tannenberg, then took Poland & Romania Germany had advantage with modern weapons, while Russia had the advantage in numbers Russia kept Germany tied up on Eastern Front / deprived them of full-scale attack in West

8. What were the results of the early fighting in WWI? Eastern Front: battered Russian army (supplied by enormous population) managed to hold off Germany & Austria-Hungary (Allies regrouped) Western Front: quick victories in early fighting put Germany just outside of Paris, but Allies held at Marne River Germany had hoped for quick victory in West, but was forced to split its forces & fight the war on two fronts