1. Hannibal vs. Rome

2.  “Great Carthage made war three times. After the first, she was powerful. After the second, she was rich. After the third no one knew where Great Carthage had been” ▪ Bertolt Brecht

3.  There were three wars between Rome and Carthage.  These were called the Punic wars.  The wars waged from 265 to 146 BCE.  There were times of peace between the wars.  During this time Rome was a republic.  These were wars of expansion fought between the two largest and most powerful civilizations at the time.

4.  The Punic wars are the most studied ancient wars by scholars and military tacticians.  If Rome had not won our world could be very different today.  The scale of death and destruction during the wars was not seen again till the First World War.  Nearly 50,000 Romans died at Cannae  These wars can stand a reminder to the USA about the dangers of over expansion.

6.  What are the major difference between Rome and Carthage?  What are their major similarities?  Why did they fight this war?  What was the importance of Sicily?

7.  265 to 227 BCE.  Rome and Carthage occupied about the same amount of territory.  A Sicilian city (Messana) asks Rome for help and Rome sends a delegation.  Carthage sees this as an act of aggression.  This small conflict escalates into a large war.  Latin III Stop

8.  A ground war is fought in Sicily.  Most of the war is fought in the sea.  Rome loses hundreds of ships due to weather but very few in actual battle.  Rome wins every ground and naval battle.  Rome seeks peace with Carthage but their terms are too harsh and Carthage refuses.

9. http://www.mmdtkw.org/ALRIAncRomUnit4Slides.html

10. http://www.ox.ac.uk/media/news_releases_for_journalists/130405.html

12.  Carthage wins its first land battle against Rome in Northern Africa.  Both Rome and Carthage are running out of men, materials and money.  Rome builds one last fleet, financed by private citizens.  This fleet crushes the last Carthaginian fleet and ends the war.

13.  Rome and Carthage suffer heavy losses of men, materials and money.  Their treasuries are empty and a large portion of the young male population has died in battle.  Rome gained control of Sicily.