1. Role of Orthodox Christianity and the Schism
SSWH4c Explain the Great Schism of 1054 CE

2. Role of the Church
Christianity became main religion of Roman empire by 4th century
Roman church developed a system of organization
Priests was head of parishes – local communities
Bishop was head of diocese - a group of parishes or bishopric
Archbishop – head of groups of diocese
Bishop of Rome became known as Pope – the head of what is now known as the Roman Catholic Church

4. Archdiocese/Archbishop
Pope
Patriarch
Archdiocese/Archbishop
Bishop/Diocese
Gregory I
Priest/Parish

5. Roman Catholic Church
Pope claim was based on the belief that Jesus gave Peter the keys to Heaven
Peter was considered to be the chief apostle & the first bishop of Rome
Bishops who succeeded Peter were called popes = Latin word for “papa” – father
Western Christians accepted the pope as the church’s leader, but could not agree on the pope’s powers
Gregory I strengthened power by taking political control of Rome & surrounding territories

6. Gregory I

7. Role of Church
Gregory – pope from , extended papal authority over the Western Church & actively converted non-Christians
Monk = man who separates himself from the rest of the world to become closer to God/ Monasticism is the practice of living like a monk
Saint Benedict founded an order of Monks & wrote rules for their practice
Benedict’s rules divided the day into activities; emphasizing prayer & physical labor to keep monks busy

8. Role of Church
Monks meditated & read privately/ They prayed together seven times a day
All aspects of Benedict life was communal
Abbot (father) ruled each Benedictine monastery
Monks were to obey the Abbot/ took a vowel of poverty/monks dedication made then new heroes of Christian civilization/ were social workers in communities
Monks spread Christianity throughout Europe/Irish & English monks were enthusiastic missionaries

9. Role of Church
Nuns = women who withdrew from the world to dedicate themselves to God
Nuns lived in convents headed abbesses
Abess Hilda founded a monastery in Whitby in 657 where she educated five future bishops

10. St. Benedict

11. Roles

13. Nuns Monks

14. EOC & Catholic Split
Eastern Orthodox Church did not accept the pope’s claim as head of Church
1054, Pope Leo IX & Michael Cerularius (Head of Byzantine Church) excommunicated each other
Great Schism = seperation between two great branches of Christianity