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The Lesser Gods of Olympus & Earth
Mrs. Crowe There were other divinities in heaven besides the twelve great Olympians.
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Eros Cupid in Latin God of Love Gives good gifts to men
Often portrayed as blindfolded because “love is blind” Son of Aphrodite Married to Psyche
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HYMEN God of the Wedding Feast
He is often depicted with a marriage feast torch in his hand. This god was the son of Aphrodite by Dionysus
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HEBE Goddess of Youth Daughter of Zeus and Hera Married Hercules
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Iris Goddess of the Rainbow Messenger to the gods (like Hermes)
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Two bands of “lovely sisters”
Muses and the Graces
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Graces 3 daughters of Zeus and Eurynome (child of Ocean)
Represent Splendor, Mirth & Good Cheer Aglaia (Splendor), Euphrosyne (Mirth), and Thalia (Good Cheer) Always together Triple incarnation of grace and beauty, danced to Apollo’s lyre, “queens of song”
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Muses 9 daughters of Zeus & Mnemosyne (Memory)
Goddesses of music, poetry & the arts Inspire men Each muse has a specialty Calliope: muse of epic poetry
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The gods of the waters Poseidon (Neptune)
The lord and ruler of the sea Ocean (a Titan) Lord of the River Wife is Tethys Nereus Old Man of the Sea “A trusty god and gentle” Triton Trumpeter of the Sea; trumpet a great shell; son of Poseidon and Amphitrite Proteus power of foretelling the future and of changing his shape at will Naiads water nymphs Found ins prings, fountains and brooks
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Rivers of the underworld
Phlegethon: the river of fire Styx: the river of unbreakable oath by which the gods swear Lethe: the river of forgetfulness
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The lesser gods of earth
Earth called “All-Mother”
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Demeter (Ceres) Goddess of the Corn & Harvest
Daughter or Cronus and Rhea Mother of Persephone Lives on Earth Goddess of vegetation Had powers of growth and resurrection Her symbols are the Cornucopia (horn of plenty), wheat-ears, the winged serpent and the lotus staff.
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Dionysus (Bacchus) God of Wine Lives on Earth Mother was mortal
Can bring joy, but can also cause madness & brutality Symbols: the thyrsus (a pinecone-tipped staff), drinking cup, grape vine, and a crown of ivy.
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Pan Son of Hermes God of nature
Part man, part goat Companion of the nymphs – always rejected by them because he was unattractive Played the pipes
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Satyrs & Centaurs Centaur: half man, half horse
Satyr: half man, half goat Centaur: half man, half horse Chiron: known everywhere for his goodness and his wisdom
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Castor and pollux Said to live half their time on earth and half their time in heaven A very popular pair of brothers Protector of sailors Always represented as riding snow white horses
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Nymphs & Dryads Nymphs: minor nature goddesses that lived in rivers, trees, caves, etc. Oreads: nymphs of the mountains Dryads: tree nymphs
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Aeolus King of the Winds Lives on an island, Aeolia & earth
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Four Chief winds Boreas (the North Wind-Latin: Aquilo)
Zephyr (West Wind-Latin: Favonius) Notus (South Wind-Latin: Auster) Eurus (East Wind)
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Gorgons Earth-dwellers Dragon-like creatures with wings
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The Graiae Sisters of the Gorgons 3 old gray women Shared an eye
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Sirens Enchanting voices and their singing lured sailors to their death Not known what they looked like because whoever saw them never returned
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The Fates Clotho: the Spinner; wove the thread of life
Lachesis: Disposer of Lot; assigned to each man his destiny Atropos: cuts the thread at death
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