1. Hemlock Woolly Adelgid

2. Contact Information Jim Esden Jim Esden Dept. of Forests, Parks and Recreation 100 Mineral Street, Suite 304 Springfield, VT 05156 Dept. of Forests, Parks and Recreation 100 Mineral Street, Suite 304 Springfield, VT 05156 802-885-8822 802-885-8822 jim.esden@state.vt.us jim.esden@state.vt.us

3. Life Cycle

9. Habitat Where does HWA live?

10. Photo: Anne Eschtruth

13. Photo: B. Burns

14. Surveying and Reporting

15. Where to look? Good habitat Good habitat Location, location, location Location, location, location Site vs. stand Site vs. stand

16. How to look Branch = 1 meter Branch = 1 meter 200 branches/site 200 branches/site What you can reach What you can reach Binoculars optional Binoculars optional Light over shoulder Light over shoulder Free hand as guide & background Free hand as guide & background

18. Key messages

20. Credit: A. Kanoti

22. Healthy trees, with adequate moisture, are more likely to survive.

23. Don’t “salvage” hemlocks by cutting prematurely. …we don’t know the impact in northern New England.

24. Don’t “salvage” hemlocks by cutting prematurely.. …Infested trees take years to succumb.

25. Don’t “salvage” hemlocks by cutting prematurely.. …Will remove the potentially resistant trees

26. Where softwoods are critical, consider species diversification

27. Infested (Previously reported) Infested (Newly reported) Uninfested Hemlock can only be received by facilities with a Compliance Agreement Hemlock wood products are regulated by quarantine.

28. In infested stands, conduct harvests between August and March, when the insect is immobile.

29. In critical habitats, like deer wintering areas and near water, even unthrifty hemlocks provide benefits.

30. Natural Control

31. Biological controls hold promise

35. Chemical Control

36. Insecticides are generally impractical in the forest. Systemic insecticides may protect individual trees.

46. Vermont Strategy- Slow the Spread Eradication of outlying populations Eradication of outlying populations Suppression activities along the leading edge Suppression activities along the leading edge Integrated management in infested areas Integrated management in infested areas Surveys Surveys Quarantine Quarantine Preserving genetic resistance Preserving genetic resistance “X” Factor “X” Factor

47. “X” Factor – Underlying concepts: Early detection is critical Early detection is critical Most discoveries are made by informed citizens Most discoveries are made by informed citizens

48. The “X” Factor = YOU

49. What can you do? Be on the look out – call if you find it Be on the look out – call if you find it Take your bird feeder down in early spring Take your bird feeder down in early spring Don’t buy nursery stock from infested areas Don’t buy nursery stock from infested areas Keep your hemlocks as healthy as possible Keep your hemlocks as healthy as possible Don’t rush to salvage hemlock prematurely Don’t rush to salvage hemlock prematurely Get others involved – start a local monitoring program Get others involved – start a local monitoring program

50. For more information or to report a find jim.esden@state.vt.us jim.esden@state.vt.us jim.esden@state.vt.us Jim Esden 802-885-8822 Jim Esden 802-885-8822 http://www.vtfpr.org/protection/hwafactsheet.cfm http://www.vtfpr.org/protection/hwafactsheet.cfm http://www.vtfpr.org/protection/hwafactsheet.cfm http://vermonttv.net/Hemlock.html http://vermonttv.net/Hemlock.html