1. The Organization of Life Section #2: Evolution

2. How do organisms become so well suited to their environment? Charles Darwin (1859) proposed his theory of evolution observed that organisms in a population vary slightly in form, function, & behavior from each other some of these differences are hereditary – passed from parent to offspring

3. Natural Selection the unequal survival and reproduction that results from the presence or absence of particular traits the environment exerts a strong influence over which individuals will survive and thus reproduce individuals with certain traits will have a better chance of surviving

4. Evolution of thicker fur in a population of deer:

5. Evolution Darwin proposed that over many generations, natural selection causes the characteristics of populations to change 1.organisms produce more offspring than can survive 2.the environment is hostile and contains limited resources 3.organisms differ in the traits they have 4.some inherited traits provide organisms with an advantage 5.each generation contains proportionately more organisms with advantageous traits

6. Video Clip: Natural Selection

7. Adaptations an inherited trait that increases an organism’s chance of survival and reproduction in a certain environment

8. Video Clip: Adaptations

9. Coevolution the process of two species evolving together in response to long-term interactions with each other Example: the lobelia flower has developed a structure to ensure that the Hawaiian honeycreeper bird gets pollen on its head when it sips the sweet nectar through its long curved beak

10. Artificial Selection the selective breeding by humans for specific characteristics

11. Resistance the ability of one or more organisms to tolerate a particular chemical designed to kill it Examples: –bacteria’s resistance to certain antibiotics –insect’s resistance to pesticides –weed’s resistance to herbicides

12. Video Clip : Resistance