1. Seafaring Kingdoms - Chapter 14:iiif -
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2. Many kingdoms in Southeast Asia coalesced around strategic ports athwart important trade routes.
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3. The Indonesian islands became an important crossroads for seaborne trade between the Orient and the Occident.
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4. [Image source: http://upload. wikimedia

5. The Srivijaya empire ruled the islands of Java and Sumatra circa 600 to 1100 A.D.
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6. The Srivijaya empire controlled the shipping that used the Strait of Malacca.
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7. [Image source: http://islaminsoutheastasia. weebly

8. Eventually the Majapahit kingdom eclipsed Srivijaya power in the region.
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9. [Image source: http://4. bp. blogspot

10. Buddhism and Hinduism were the dominant religions in Southeast Asia from 400 to 1400 A.D.
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11. [Image source: http://www. seasite. niu

12. Muslim traders from the Arabian Peninsula introduced Islam to the region during the early 1200s A.D.
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13. [Image source: http://xenohistorian.faithweb.com/seasia/SE_Asia_Islam.jpg]

14. The port kingdom of Melaka on the southwest coast of the Malay Peninsula emerged as a center of Islam.
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15. Only the island of Bali has managed to maintain its Hindu religion and culture down to the present.
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16. [Image source: http://www.loc.gov/rr/hispanic/portam/img/vasco2.jpg]
During the early-1500s, Portuguese merchants began to wrest control of trade from local Muslim kingdoms.
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17. [Image source: https://kissanak. files. wordpress