1. Europe

2. Objectives…You should be able to
Accurately locate all the countries, capitals, bodies of water and key landforms of Europe
Analyze the size of Europe – both its mass and population
Analyze the impact of climate on the culture and society of Europe.

3. Map of Europe
Today, you will work to identify the 46 countries of Europe as well as the pertinent capitals.
You must also identify the bodies of water indicated.
This is due tomorrow, Thursday, September 25th!

4. Map of Europe The map test will take place on the following dates:
_____________ & _____________
You MUST know the countries (but NOT the capitals)
You MUST know the bodies of water
Spelling counts!

5. Norwegian
Sea
Arctic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Baltic Sea
North Sea
English
Channel
Caspian Sea
Bay of Biscay
Black Sea
Mediterranean Sea
Adriatic Sea
Dardanelles Strait
Strait of Gibraltar
Aegean Sea

6. Physical Features
of Europe

7. The Alps

8. The Alps Located in south central Europe
Extends almost 700 miles in a crescent shape
Stretch from Austria and Slovenia in the east through Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, and Germany to France in the west
Covers about 80,000 square miles (the size of Pennsylvania and Ohio together)
The highest point is Mont Blanc at 15,771 ft.
Means “ White Mountain”
Border of France and Italy
The Matterhorn is another famous peak
14,692 feet

9. The Alps

10. The Alps

11. Mont Blanc

12. Matterhorn

13. The Pyrenees Mountains
Natural barrier between Spain & France
Extends 270 mi. from Bay of Biscay to Mediterranean Sea
Highest point: Pico de Aneto 11,168 ft.
One of the smallest countries is located here
Andorra

14. The Pyrenees Mountains

15. The Pyrenees Mountain

16. The Pyrenees Mountain

17. The Carpathian Mountains

18. The Carpathian Mountains
You will learn more about me later this year.
Stretches in crescent-shaped arc across Central and Eastern Europe
930 miles in length
Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Romania, Ukraine, Hungary, and Serbia
Highest point: Gerlachovský Stít (Slovakia)
8,711 feet above sea level
Home of Vlad Tepes

19. Carpathian Mountains

20. The Carpathian Mountains

21. Ural Mountains seen from space.

22. Ural Mountains

23. Ural Mountains
Natural barrier separating European Russia and Asian Russia
Extends north to south for about 1,500 miles
Some of the oldest mountains in the world
Erosion has worn down these mountains
Some peaks are basically hills
Most peaks range in elevation 3,000-4,000 feet

24. Mount Narodnaya, the highest peak of the Ural Mountains

25. Ural Mountains

26. At its narrowest point, Europe and Africa are only five miles apart.
IBERIAN PENINSULA
Located on the southwestern tip of the European continent, the Iberian Peninsula, includes the countries of Andorra, Portugal and Spain, and the British Crown colony of Gibraltar.
At its narrowest point, Europe and Africa are only five miles apart.

27. IBERIAN PENINSULA

28. Balkan Peninsula
Countries whose territories lie completely within the Balkan peninsula: Albania, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Greece, Kosovo, Macedonia, and Montenegro
Countries that lie partially within: Croatia, Slovenia, Italy, Serbia, Romania, and Turkey
Surrounded by the Adriatic Sea, Aegean Sea, Mediterranean Sea, and the Black Sea, the Balkan Peninsula is an extremely mountainous region.

30. Scandinavian Peninsula

31. Scandinavian Peninsula
Consists of Norway, Sweden, and small part of northern Finland
1,150 miles in length and covers about 290,000 square miles
Very mountainous region

32. Scandinavian Peninsula

33. Scandinavian Peninsula

34. Separating Norway and Sweden, the Scandinavian Mountains (known as the Kjolen Mountains in Sweden) are low level mountains.

35. Rhine River
Begins in the Alps of Switzerland and flows to the North Sea
Flows about 820 miles
Major river of Western Europe
Has been since the time of Roman Empire

36. Rhine River

37. Rhine River

38. Danube River
Begins in the Black Forest region of Germany and travels to the Black Sea
The second longest river in Europe and the major river in Eastern Europe
Flows for 1,770 miles through Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania, and Ukraine

39. The Danube River is also where Buda and Pest meet.

40. Danube River

41. Volga River The longest river in Europe
2,300 miles in length
Begins northwest of Moscow and flows into the Caspian Sea
Parts are not navigable during the winter
Very important in Russian culture

42. Volga River

43. Volga River

44. Volga River

45. Why are most of the capitals of Europe on major rivers?

46. Paris on the bank of the Seine
Capitals on the Rivers
London on the Thames
Paris on the bank of the Seine
Prague on the Vltava
Budapest on the Danube

47. Capitals on the Rivers Moscow on the Moscow Berlin on the Spree
Vienna on the Danube
Rome on the Tiber

48. Answer: They are Europe’s Lifeline!

49. The Continent of Europe
2nd smallest continent in area
3rd largest continent in population
Over 700 million people live here
Consists of 48 countries
Kosovo was the latest one to become a nation
Feb. 2008
Conventionally known as "Europa“
Europa was the daughter of Phoenix in Greek mythology.
Some say it is possibly from "Ereb", a Phoenician word for sunset.

50. Continents by Size (sq. km.)
Asia
44,579,000
Africa
30,065,000
North America
24,256,000
South America
17,819,000
Antarctica
13,209,000
Europe
9,938,000
Oceania (including Australia)  
7,687,000

51. Location of Europe Eurasia, the world’s largest landmass.
Eurasia is composed of two continents: Europe and Asia
Russia and Turkey are located on both continents.
One-fourth of Russia is in Europe.
One –twentieth of Turkey is Europe (Thrace vs. Anatolia)
The Ural Mountains divide Europe and Asia.
Europe is one big peninsula attached to Asia
A peninsula is land that has water on three sides
Many peninsulas & bays have allowed Europe to become a shipping industry powerhouse
The Asian part of Turkey is over thirty times as large. The European part of Turkey, also called Thrace, is really just a small peninsula bordering Bulgaria and Greece. Its population density, however, is more than three times that of Anatolia, so that about ten percent of all Turks live in the European part.

52. Eurasia

53. Europe: An Asian Peninsula?

54. The Ural Mountains

55. Europe’s
Population

56. What are you able to infer from this image of Europe?
Europe at Night
All of the lights tell us that many people live there.
What are you able to infer
from this image of Europe?

57. Population of Europe
Population density-It is the average number of people living in a square mile or kilometer.
Most European countries have a high population density
Russia has a low population density
Mark a 6 x 6 square. Ask for 4 volunteers. Explain that this is the Russia population density. Do they have plenty of “elbow”room? Now ask for 11 volunteers to go in the 6 x6 square with the other 4. This is an example of the 27 European Union countries high population density. Do you feel like you have”elbow” room?

58. I need some volunteers! Population of Europe
Which country in Western Europe do you think is the most densely populated?
The Netherlands with 1,254 people per square mile.
Belgium, just below the Netherlands, is the second most densely populated, with 887 people per square mile.
How densely populated is the United States?
84 people per square mile
Mark a 6 x 6 square. Ask for 4 volunteers. Explain that this is the Russia population density. Do they have plenty of “elbow” room? Now ask for 11 volunteers to go in the 6 x6 square with the other 4. This is an example of the 27 European Union countries high population density. Do you feel like you have ”elbow” room?
I need some volunteers!

59. Population Density of Europe 2012
Discuss how population could cause problems

60. Population Density of Russia (2002)
URAL MOUNTAINS

61. Europe’s Climate

62. Europe’s Latitude v. US

63. Former Soviet Region Compared in Latitude & Area with the United States

64. Climate

65. North Atlantic Current
Begins in the Gulf of Mexico
Responsible for the moderating climate of Western Europe
Keeps winters warmer than other places at the same latitude

66. Mountains Affect the rainfall in an area.
Areas west of mountains receive heavy rainfall
Areas on the leeward side of a mountain are in a rain shadow.
Rain shadow- area on the dry sheltered side of a mountain, which receives little rainfall

67. Wait a minute! I’m close to the same latitude as London?!?
Example of Climate
Wait a minute! I’m close to the same latitude as London?!?
United Kingdom is a great example.
Average temperature of U.K. is 51˚F.
Mild climate from North Atlantic Current
The current allows England to have vineyards at the same latitude that Canada has polar bears.

68. Languages of Europe Germanic Languages (200 million speakers)
German, English, Dutch, Norwegian, Swedish, Danish, Icelandic
Romance Languages (200 million speakers)
Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, Romanian
Southern Europe
Slavic Languages (80 million speakers)
Polish, Czech, Slovakian, Serbo-Croatian, Bulgarian, Slovenian, Russian
Roman Catholic countries use Latin alphabet; Eastern Orthodox Catholic countries use Cyrillic (Greek) alphabet

69. Language Map of Europe

70. Religions of Europe

71. The Regions of Europe
Region – locations that share certain characteristics
Physical geography – landforms, climate
Cultural characteristics – language, religion, traditions and rituals
Europe may be divided into 5 regions
The British Isles, Northern Europe, Southern Europe, Western Europe, and Eastern Europe

72. R E G I O N S 2 1 4 3 5

73. Northern Europe
Scandinavian: Norway, Sweden, and part of Finland
Jutland: Denmark
Iceland: Nordic island country

74. Scandinavian Peninsula
Iceland
Jutland

75. Jutland
The country of Denmark is on the peninsula of Jutland.

76. Fjords
Steep, narrow, u-shaped valley that is carved out by a glacier; used for sea travel
Found commonly along Norway’s coast.
Fjords provide great harbors for fishing

77. The British Isles The United Kingdom England Scotland Wales
Northern Ireland
AND
The Republic of Ireland
The United Kingdom

78. Scotland England Wales
The British Isles
Northern
Ireland
Scotland
Ireland
England
Wales

79. Southern Europe Iberian Peninsula: Spain and Portugal
The Apennine Peninsula: Italy
The Balkan Peninsula: Greece
The former Yugoslavian Nations are located on the Balkan Peninsula, but culturally they align with Eastern Europe

80. Southern Peninsulas
Balkan
Apennine
Iberian

81. Western Europe Consists of the following nine countries: High-income
Austria
Belgium  
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
 Monaco  
Netherlands  
 Switzerland
High-income
Developed countries,
Democratic political systems,
Mixed economies combining the free market with aspects of the welfare state
Most are members of NATO and the EU.

82. Western Europe
MONACO

83. The BENELUX Countries
Belgium
Netherlands
Luxembourg

84. Eastern Europe Includes the countries that broke from the USSR
The common feature of these countries was their socio-economic system:
COMMUNISM
Before 1989 Eastern Europe included:
USSR
German Democratic Republic (East Germany)
Poland
Czechoslovakia
Hungary
Romania
Bulgaria
Yugoslavia

85. Eastern Europe

86. Eastern vs. Western Europe
Key Differences?
Language…
Governmental systems and Revolutions…
Individual vs. Group…
Work Ethic…

87. Western vs. Eastern Europe
During the final stages of World War II the future of Europe was decided between the Allies in the 1945 Yalta Conference
British Prime Minister Winston Churchill
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt
Premier of the Soviet Union Joseph Stalin

88. Western vs. Eastern Europe
Post-war Europe would be divided into two major spheres:
the West, influenced by the United States,
the Eastern Bloc, influenced by the Soviet Union.
With the onset of the Cold War, Europe was divided by the Iron Curtain