1. Critical thinking List one characteristic that makes up a culture? How do you think it began?

2. America – the beginning By Kru Danny

3. Vocabulary Beringia Land Bridge Strait Migration Nomads Warmer climate Overhunting Carbon dating

4. The big question???? The written history of the Americas is several hundred years old, yet human beings have been living on these continents for thousands of years. - Where did these people come from? - How and when did they get here?

5. One theory is that the first humans came to the Americas 20,000 years ago, from Asia. Also, they traveled along a strip of land that once linked Asia and the Americas.

7. It was called the Beringia

8. Watch the time-lapse video beringia animation

9. Open Moodle

10. The lower sea level exposed a strip of land—a "land bridge"—connecting northeastern Asia to what is now Alaska. Scientists today call this land bridge Beringia. It now lies beneath the Bering Strait. A strait is a narrow body of water that connects two larger ones.

11. Bearing strait

12. Migrations

13. What we already know It is clear that humans arrived in the Americas. One possible way was across the Beringia. Over the centuries, their settlements stretched as far east as the Atlantic Ocean and as far south as the tip of South America.

15. What is the reason for this migration, or movement of people, from one area to another? Why did these early Americans travel such distances?

16. FOOD

17. Early peoples were nomads, people who moved from place to place in search of hunting grounds. Although they also ate wild grains and fruits, they depended on hunting for much of their food.

18. MastodonMammoth Nomads’ hunting in tribes

19. Earth Warms About 15,000 years ago, the Ice Age began to end. Temperatures started to rise, and the glaciers began to melt. Ocean levels rose, and Beringia disappeared, cutting off the land route between Asia and the Americas.

20. Around the same time, mammoths began to disappear. This might have been the result of overhunting or changes in the climate. The decline in game populations meant that early Americans had to find other sources of food.

21. Agriculture changed the way of life for early Americans.

23. The constant search for food meant trying new methods. Early Americans caught fish and hunted smaller animals. Farming was another new option that began to emerge. Its development would change the nomadic way of life of many groups.

24. Learning to Farm Around 10,000 years ago, people learned to plant pumpkins, beans, and squash. The crops provided a steady, reliable source of food.

26. What did this mean? People no longer had to move from place to place to find things to eat. Farming also allowed the people to spend time on activities other than finding food. This resulted in an improvement in the lives of early Americans.

27. Sometimes artefacts were found

28. Scientists have a method of determining how old an artifact is. Using a process called carbon dating, scientists can measure the amount of radioactive carbon in an artifact.

29. Carbon dating

30. Finally Through the study and dating of artifacts from these villages, scientists know that agriculture changed the lives of early Americans. Common customs and beliefs also grew over time. Eventually, the groups of people living in the Americas developed their own cultures, shared traditions and behaviors.

31. REVIEW So, thinking about your chosen culture trait, how do you think it began?

32. HOMEWORK MIGRATION SHEET