1. Iberia Spain, Portugal, Andorra, and Gibraltar

2. Terms and Places Basques are a minority that is unrelated to any other European ethnic group. Gibraltar is a British colony at the mouth of the Mediterranean Sea. The Catalan are the largest minority group within Spain. Iberia is the name of the peninsula containing Spain and Portugal.

3. Objectives Identify Spain and Portugal on a blank map of Europe. Explain how the physical geography of Iberian Peninsula divided cultures and languages. Discuss Spain’s minorities. Identify which invasion made Iberian culture different from other Western European cultures. Identify the narrow strait dividing Spain from Africa and tell which nation has a colony there. Explain why so few invasions have occurred across Spain’s northern border.

4. Pyrenees Bay of Biscay Mediterranean Sea Strait of Gibraltar Atlantic Ocean Spain Portugal Andorra Madeira Islands Atlantic Ocean France

5. What kind of map is this? Compare the precipitation of Spain to the rest of Europe.

6. Compare the altitude of Spain to the other nations of Europe. What kind of map is this?

7. Spain is a high and dry country.

8. Spain is not only divided from France by mountains, Spain is also internally divided by mountains.

9. Modern-day roads make mountain travel easier, but for many centuries… …communities on one side of the mountains …grew separated from communities on the other side.

10. The Spanish are the majority ethnic group. (Spanish ) Because these mountains separate people, separate ethnic groups develop. The Basques speak a language unrelated to any other known language.

12. The Spanish are the majority ethnic group. (Spanish ) These mountains have led to the development of separate ethnic groups. The Catalan People are the largest minority. The Catalans

13. Spanish Catalan English French Bonjour Adieu Merci Venir sur s'il vous plaît que faites-vous Sortie gauche / droite station suivante Boisson eau Sometimes Catalan is like Spanish, but other times more like French.

15. Compare the population of Spain to the rest of western Europe. The population of Portugal is denser than that of Spain. Madrid is the largest city and capital of Spain. Madrid Almost nobody lives in the nation of Andorra. Basque Region The population of Spain is low compared to the rest of western Europe.

16. Spain, Portugal, and Andorra are of the Catholic religion, just as most of Western Europe.

18. Even so, Spain’s economy is terrible. Spain belongs to the Eurozone and uses the Euro as its currency.

19. Pyrenees Bay of Biscay Gibraltar Atlantic Ocean Spain Portugal Andorra Atlantic Ocean In the south of Iberia is the tiny colony of Gibraltar. Gibraltar belongs to the British.

21. Review

22. Of all of Western Europe, only Iberia was successfully invaded by the Muslims. In some ways, this changed their culture, making it unique in Western Europe.

24. Traditional Spanish and Portuguese foods Chickpea and Asparagus Empanadas Seafood paella Arroz al Horno

25. Which color encircles the Iberian Peninsula?

26. What separates Spain from France? The Pyrenees Mountains The Straits of Gibraltar The English Channel The Riviera What is the name of the peninsula that contains both Spain and Portugal? Iberia OR The Iberian Peninsula What lies to the west of Iberia? The Pyrenees Mountains The Mediterranean The English Channel The Atlantic Ocean What lies to the east of Iberia? The Pyrenees The Mediterranean The English Channel The Alps What is on the southernmost tip of the Iberian Peninsula? The Pyrenees Barcelona The Basque Region Gibraltar Who is in charge of Gibraltar? France United Kingdom Morocco Spain

27. The population of the Iberian Peninsula is: Higher than the rest of Western Europe. About the same as the rest of Western Europe Much lower than the rest of Western Europe The economy of the Iberian Peninsula is: Better than most of Western Europe. About the same as most of Western Europe Much worse than most of Western Europe What influence made Iberian culture somewhat different than the rest of Western Europe? Iberia has easy access to the sea while most of Europe is landlocked. Iberia was invaded and occupied by Muslims for several centuries. Iberia remained Catholic when the rest of Europe turned to Protestantism.

28. Spain contains several minorities. Which one has a language unrelated to any known language on Earth? The Basques The Leonese The Catalan The Aragonese Which of Spain’s minorities has the largest population? The Basques The Leonese The Catalan The Aragonese

29. Please read the National Geographic Kids article “Spain” found at http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/countries/spain.html

31. Franco and the Spanish Civil War