1. G reen A viation R esearch & D evelopment N etwork Hany Moustapha Directeur, Programme de technologies Pratt & Whitney Canada Executive Director, GARDN May 2009

2. OUTLINE Road Map Objectives Research Themes Governance Projects Growth

3. 2006200720082009 CAETRM Canadian Aviation Environmental Technology Road Map (TRM) Technology Road Map CAEWG Canadian Aviation Environmental Working Group Projects BL-NCE Business-Led Network of Centres of Excellence Funding GARDN Green Aviation Research & Development Network (2009-2013) Execution GARDN Technology & Funding Road Map

4. IATA Warning

5. ICAO Environmental Goals for Aviation

6. The Aviation Industry is Committed to Action on Climate Change

7. CAETRM – Committed Participants Bombardier Aerospace NRC - CNRC Air Canada OAC AQA Pratt & Whitney Canada Bell Helicopter Textron Canada Inc. Rolls-Royce Ltd. CRIAQ Standard Aero Aero Montreal Industry Canada AIAC Messier-Dowty Transport Canada

8. CAETRM Structure Steering Committee (21 Members) Aircraft Systems and ATM (13) Airframe Concepts (10) Fuels and Lubricants (14) Manufacturing and MRO (23) Materials and Coatings (15) Eco Design (6) Engine Concepts (13) Ground Operations (2) Rotary Wing A/C Concepts (4) Thrust Teams Secretariat (4)

9. Airframe Concepts cost estimates not provided

10. Engine Concepts

11. GARDN Objectives Fostering the development of technologies that will reduce aircraft noise and emissions in the vicinity of airports Considering environmental impacts throughout the product life cycle Investing in the talents of our universities and encouraging creativity in the development of aviation environmental technologies Reducing the production of greenhouse gases by the aviation sector, and in so doing reducing the carbon footprint of the Canadian aviation sector

12. Emission s GARDN Eight Research Themes Icing Noise Aircraft Operations Alternative Fuels Materials & Manufacturing Processes Product Life Cycle Management Performance Icing

13. Source: Wyle Labs Today’s Aircraft Geared Turbofan Powered Airplane Munich International Airport Noise Footprints XX Simulated microphone location Noise Reduction Technologies: Geared Turbofan for Bombardier C-Series

14. Non-chlorinated solvents Lead-free antigallants Non-chromium anodizing & conversion coatings Chromium plate alternative Cadmium plate alternative New technologies partnered with Canadian industry and universities Green Engine Technologies: Materials and Manufacturing

15. Alternate Fuel Technologies Biodiesel Bio-Jet Liquid methane Methanol Ethanol Cellulose Sugar cane Corn Switchgrass Willow Microalgae Synthetic Jet Fuel Butanol Others

16. P&WC-SDTC (2007-2011) Low Emission Demonstrator ($22M) Objectives 1. GHG & NOx reduction 2. Demo focus: TRL6+ Benefits Lower SFC Lower emission Durability Low cost Weight reduction Thermal management Partners NRC, Inco and UTIAS UTRC and HS Heat Exchanger Turbine shroud baffle Talon 3+ Compact Diffuser New technologies Demo Schematic using PW307

17. Sherbrooke Univ. and P&WC-BA-Bell Acoustics NSERC Chair (2009-2013, $3.3M)

18. GARDN Research Themes and First Round Nine Projects ($23M) P&WC Project 1 (M. Bissinger) Life-cycle improvement - Materials of concern (Poly, Integran, StandardAero) Project 2 (G. Girard) Forced mixer and nozzle noise reduction (McGill, Sherbrooke) Project 3 (S-A. Meslioui) Noise reduction for transonic fans (McGill, Poly) Project 4 (F. Lefebvre) Engine core technologies to reduce emissions (Poly, Concordia, Waterloo, Ryerson) Project 5 (Q-P. Zheng) Altitude emissions control for aviation (Waterloo, Warsaw Polytechnic) BA Project 1 (S. Banerjee) Environmentally-focused regional aircraft (UTIAS, P&WC) Project 2 (S. Banerjee) Environmentally-focused long-range business jet (UTIAS, P&WC) Project 3 (M. Huising) Airframe noise reduction (Waterloo, Messier-Dowty, Aercoustics) CMC Project 1 (R. Hygate) Continuous descent arrivals research (ETS)

19. Engine Core Technologies Compressor Demonstrator Performance Items Swept axial airfoils Tip effect de-sensitization Enhanced compressor surge line IBR rotors D hybrid diffuser Durability Items Nickel impeller Surge load predictions Weight Items Compact centrifugal stage

20. Centrifugal Compressor Technology Demo Compact Centrifugal Compressor Stage Same compression with reduced overall length and casing radius Maintains aerodynamic efficiency State-of-the-Art optimization methods and CFD utilized Significant improvement in thrust-to- weight ratio Compact Centrifugal Concept Reduced Radius DiffuserReduced Length Impeller

21. Centrifugal Compressor Technology Demo Advanced Diffuser Technology New patented “D-Hybrid” diffuser technology developed at P&WC to replace pipe diffuser Reduced cost – simpler construction Improved Aerodynamic incidence at diffuser entry Improved operability range with state-of- the-art efficiency Pipe Diffuser and Fishtail D-Hybrid Diffuser

22. Objectives Improved fan performance No impact on noise Aerodynamic and Aeroacoustic modeling Advance 3D shapes Fan-Stator interaction Selection of fan-stator configurations for wind tunnel testing Wind tunnel testing Anechoic chamber Far field noise measurement Flexible fan rig Variable spacing Many stator configurations Fan case acoustic treatment optimization Modeling validation Test results to calibrate and validate the models Incorporate the tools into standard design practices Noise Reduction for Transonic Fan Demo Separate Stator Arrangement Full-Span Stator Arrangement CFD analysis Extract acoustic content from CFD analyses Feed acoustic data into noise propagation tool Verify analysis results vs. far field noise test data

23. Forced Mixer and Nozzle Noise Reduction Objective: 1-2 dB reduction Characterization of the dominant noise features CFD analyses Develop a CAA methodology for far field noise prediction from turbulent subsonic jet Choose 10-15 promising mixer configurations Wind tunnel testing 10-15 scale models Phased array microphones (isolate mixer noise and shear layer noise) Jet flight effects on propagation Performance characterization Full scale static testing 3-4 full scale models Outdoor noise test with a full engine Far field noise signature Database for flight simulation Flight testing (2 nd phase of project)

24. Managing

25. GARDN Management Structure Guiding Principles Respecting NCE guidelines Benchmarking other NCE (e.g. AUTO21) Building on existing consortia know-how and strengths (CRIAQ, SDTC, ISTC, etc.) Using industry’s best practices in technology management Adopting a lean structure Ensuring industry leadership Leveraging the know-how and networks of CRIAQ and AIAC

26. GARDN Management Structure Board of Directors (14) Industry-Academic-Government 3 Meetings / year Network Manager CRIAQ (C. Trindade) Executive Committee (5) 6 Meetings / year Scientific Director P&WC (S. Sampath) Scientific Director BA (B. Pang) Scientific Director CMC (R. Hygate) Project 1 Project 2 Project 3 Project 4 Project 5 Project 2 Project 3 Project 1 Research Committee CAEWG GARDN Secretariat AIAC Total budget: $23.2M (4 years) (9 projects/18 partners for first round) Research budget: $20.7M (at 50%) Admin budget: $2.5M (at 75%) (12% of total budget) Head Office: AIAC, 60 Queen Street, Suite 1200, Ottawa, ON Chairman: C. Lajeunesse (AIAC) Executive Directors: F. Kafyeke (BA) H. Moustapha (P&WC) Scientific Director TBD

27. GARDN Key Performance Indicators (KPI) Research Program Network researchers Number of projects Research budget TRL progression Highly Qualified People (HQP) Number of students and universities Number of theses (MS, Ph.D.), etc Knowledge and Technology Transfer Patent applications / Granted patents TRL-6 achievements Technical reports Partnerships, Networking & International Relationships Number of partners (national & international) SMEs outreach Governing & Managing Achievements vs objectives Administration budget percentage

28. Growing

29. Lack of Tech. Demos and Funding for TRL 4 to 7 Basic Research Applied Research Product & Manufacturing Methods Dev Production Technology Development / Demonstration Markets Technology Infusion Technology Acquisition Universities CFI NRC (IAR) NSERC Industrial Research Chairs CRIAQ ……Industrial and Regional Benefits…….. IRAP SR&ED Tax Credit DIRP NRC/CANMET TPC/SADI Regional Agencies BDC EDC CCC DFAIT IC TRL 1 TRL 7 TRL 4 TRL 9 Research Tech. Platforms & Demos Development SDTC BL-NCE and “Valley of Death in Innovation Supply Chain” ?

30. Product Development Research and Technology Acquisition EU Framework Program Product Definition Technology Validation Prototypes Product Design & Develolopment Fundamental Knowledge Technology Development Production Demonstrators Product Demonstration Technology & Product Development in Aeronautics Europe and Canada TRL 1 TRL 9TRL 7 TRL 4 Level 1 Integrated Projects (IP)Joint Technology Initiative JTI) NSERC (CRD & IRC), ISTC & CRIAQ SDTC & BL-NCE (GARDN) Tech. Demos: No Funding Level 2 Level 3 Strategic Project (STREPS) EU One Program Canada 6-10 Programs No Demo

31. GARDN Strategic Plan: Linking to Canadian and International Aerospace Environmental Initiatives P&WC (SDTC) Low Emission Combustion 11 projects, 5 partners, $22M FMP-SAGE Demo AIAC-Industry Canada 9 projects, 18 partners, $23M P&WC (ISTC) Bio-fuels for Aviation 10 projects, 12 partners, $5.5M Canadian Aerospace Environmental Collaborative Projects - Total Budget $70M (0.35% of Sales) CRIAQ (MDEIE/NSERC) Environmental themes 18 projects, 36 partners, $10.3M 1.7 Billion Euro (1.8% of Sales) EUFP7 CAEWG GARDN Research Committee Environmental Roadmap Industry Canada-NRC-Industry P&WC/Integran/Comtek (SDTC) Environmental Advanced Materials BA/P&WC (SDTC) BioFuels Aircraft Demo Acoustics Chair (NSERC) Sherbrooke / BA, Bell, P&WC 10 projects, 3 partners, $3.3M

32. 32 SDTC Advanced Materials For Reduced Engine Emissions (AMREE) Research Areas Composites - Polymer-matrix composites for containment, CMC for static turbine and combustor parts, Bio-Fibres Nano Coatings - Hydrophobic, Wear-resistant Grain Boundary Engineered (GBE) Materials - GBE Nickel Alloy for containment High Temperature Coatings - Cathodic Arc oxidation-resistant coatings, ½K TBC, EBC for CMC Abradable Coatings - Erosion-resistant Ten Partners: Ten Partners: Integran, Comtek, Composite Innovation Centre, Goodrich, NRC, Universities: Toronto, Ryerson, Ottawa, Concordia and Laval Total Budget: $30M (2010-2014) P&WC $ 11M ; Partners $8.5M ; SDTC $10.5M

33. Objective Flight demonstration involving Porter Airlines / Bombardier Q400 / P&WC PW150 2011 flight testing with Porter Airlines, Toronto  Ottawa Blend of 3 rd generation biojet fuel (Drop-in) Program led by Bombardier with strong P&WC supportFunding SDTC funding application due September 2009 Refining Process SDTC BioFuel Aircraft Demonstrator Feedstock BA Q400 P&WC PW150 Porter Airlines

34. 2000-20062007-200820092010 AIAC 2025 Vision Industry Canada TRM AIAC – CAP - CATN (TRM) Technology Road Map AIAC - FMP Technology Working Group Projects Industry Canada MDEIE Funding SAGE Demo Execution FMP-SAGE Demo: Technology & Funding Road Map AeroMontreal Forum White Paper Industry Canada Working Groups (Composites-DPHM)

35. 35 Eco-Design Two Vehicle Demos Two Transverse Systems Demos Business Jets Regional/ Commercial Helicopter Engines Systems AIAC-FMP Technology Demonstration Smart Affordable Green Efficient “SAGE” Materials More Intelligent SystemsMore Electric Systems Avionics Human PerformanceAugmentation Environment Manufacturing Product Development Eight Technology Platforms AIAC-FMP, Final Report, May 2008 Four Vehicles Demos and Eight Technology Platforms

36. Canadian Aerospace Collaborative Environmental Initiatives P&WC - SDTC Low Emission Combustion 11 projects, 5 partners, $22M P&WC/Integran/Comtek – SDTC (Spring 2009) Environmental Advanced Materials BA/P&WC – SDTC (Fall 2009) BioFuels Aircraft Demo FMP-SAGE Demo Industry Canada – MDEIE ($$TBD) AIAC-CRIAQ-AeroMontreal CRIAQ- MDEIE/NSERC Environmental themes 18 projects, 36 partners, $10.3M TRL 1TRL 4TRL 7 Acoustics Chair - NSERC Sherbrooke / BA, Bell, P&WC 10 projects, 3 partners, $3.3M BL-NCE 9 Projects 18 Partners $23M CRIAQ/P&WC - ISTC/MDEIE Bio-fuels for Aviation 10 projects, 12 partners, $5.5M 2002 2008 2010 2006 2004 2009